Proteomics and genomics of a monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma: An extremely rare case report and short review of literature

Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma, formerly known as enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, is an extremely rare, aggressive peripheral extranodal T-cell lymphoma, that is infrequent in native European and Caucasian populations. The current study presents the clinicopathological features, diagnostic approach, and clinical outcomes of this rare entity of lymphoma and highlights the importance of the early diagnosis of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma (MEITL). PATIENT CONCERNS: Main symptoms and/or important clinical findings: We present the case of a 69-year-old male patient presenting with an abdominal mass, intestinal transit disorder, and weight loss. The abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed features suggestive of a malignancy. Following clinical and imaging investigations, surgical resection of the small intestine with other areas of involvement has been performed and further to the histopathological examination and immunohistochemical testing are mandatory. DIAGNOSES AND INTERVENTIONS: Histopathological evaluation of the tumor revealed a proliferation of medium- to large-sized monomorphic lymphocytes, with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and a moderate amount of clear to pale eosinophilic cytoplasm, with an association of infrequent Reed-Sternberg-like cells. Immunohistochemical assessment of the aforementioned tumor using CD3, CD8, CD5, CD20, and CD30 confirmed the T cell proliferation line and the monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma diagnosis. LESSONS: The current report highlights the importance of early diagnosis of MEITL owing to its poor prognosis and presents histopathological features that help distinguish MEITL from inflammatory bowel diseases and less aggressive T-cell lymphomas.