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Glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs

Glutamate is one of the most abundant amino acids in the blood. Besides its role as a neurotransmitter in the brain, it is a key substrate in several metabolic pathways and a primary messenger that acts through its receptors outside the central nervous system (CNS). The two main types of glutamate r...

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Autores principales: García-Gaytán, Ana Cristina, Hernández-Abrego, Andy, Díaz-Muñoz, Mauricio, Méndez, Isabel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9705578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36457557
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1029210
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author García-Gaytán, Ana Cristina
Hernández-Abrego, Andy
Díaz-Muñoz, Mauricio
Méndez, Isabel
author_facet García-Gaytán, Ana Cristina
Hernández-Abrego, Andy
Díaz-Muñoz, Mauricio
Méndez, Isabel
author_sort García-Gaytán, Ana Cristina
collection PubMed
description Glutamate is one of the most abundant amino acids in the blood. Besides its role as a neurotransmitter in the brain, it is a key substrate in several metabolic pathways and a primary messenger that acts through its receptors outside the central nervous system (CNS). The two main types of glutamate receptors, ionotropic and metabotropic, are well characterized in CNS and have been recently analyzed for their roles in non-neural organs. Glutamate receptor expression may be particularly important for tumor growth in organs with high concentrations of glutamate and might also influence the propensity of such tumors to set metastases in glutamate-rich organs, such as the liver. The study of glutamate transporters has also acquired relevance in the physiology and pathologies outside the CNS, especially in the field of cancer research. In this review, we address the recent findings about the expression of glutamatergic system components, such as receptors and transporters, their role in the physiology and pathology of cancer in non-neural organs, and their possible use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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spelling pubmed-97055782022-11-30 Glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs García-Gaytán, Ana Cristina Hernández-Abrego, Andy Díaz-Muñoz, Mauricio Méndez, Isabel Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology Glutamate is one of the most abundant amino acids in the blood. Besides its role as a neurotransmitter in the brain, it is a key substrate in several metabolic pathways and a primary messenger that acts through its receptors outside the central nervous system (CNS). The two main types of glutamate receptors, ionotropic and metabotropic, are well characterized in CNS and have been recently analyzed for their roles in non-neural organs. Glutamate receptor expression may be particularly important for tumor growth in organs with high concentrations of glutamate and might also influence the propensity of such tumors to set metastases in glutamate-rich organs, such as the liver. The study of glutamate transporters has also acquired relevance in the physiology and pathologies outside the CNS, especially in the field of cancer research. In this review, we address the recent findings about the expression of glutamatergic system components, such as receptors and transporters, their role in the physiology and pathology of cancer in non-neural organs, and their possible use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9705578/ /pubmed/36457557 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1029210 Text en Copyright © 2022 García-Gaytán, Hernández-Abrego, Díaz-Muñoz and Méndez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
García-Gaytán, Ana Cristina
Hernández-Abrego, Andy
Díaz-Muñoz, Mauricio
Méndez, Isabel
Glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs
title Glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs
title_full Glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs
title_fullStr Glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs
title_full_unstemmed Glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs
title_short Glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs
title_sort glutamatergic system components as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer in non-neural organs
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9705578/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36457557
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1029210
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