A case of complete response to chemotherapy followed by cystectomy for adult-onset rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder

We report a case of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder which achieved complete response with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. A 58-year-old man was referred to our hospital due to bladder tumor discovered with urinary frequency and gross hematuria. Pathological diagnosis was alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma arising in the bladder which was an extremely rare type. Because the images showed no metastasis except for the right external iliac lymph node, curative treatment was performed consisting of cystectomy besides neoadjuvant chemotherapy using adriamycin and ifosfamide. No residual tumor was found in the extracted bladder specimen. He has been disease free at 12-month follow-up.