Hidden Monitoring Based on Keystroke Dynamics in Online Examination System

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the development of distance learning technologies, where online tests and exams play an important role. In online testing, the detection of various types of academic fraud, including cases where the examinee is falsely represented by another person, is of particular importance. Continuous biometric (behavioral) authentication can be a solution to counter unauthorized access. This paper proposes an authentication technology based on keystroke dynamics and hidden monitoring. An application for collecting and updating keystroke dynamics profiles of domain users and their continuous authentication is developed. The efficiency of reducing the dimension of the keystroke feature space based on the frequency of alphabetic letters is demonstrated. Results of popular performance metrics (FAR, FRR, ERR, ROC, and DET) are significantly improved already when evaluating only metric distances. For instance, ERR is reduced from 10.1% to 0.79%, which is comparable to the estimates provided by the kNN method for its optimal parameters.