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Gut microbiome alterations in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease

BACKGROUND: Although some human studies have reported gut microbiome changes in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), gut microbiome alterations in preclinical AD, i.e., cerebral amyloidosis without cognitive impairment, is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE:...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jung, Joon Hyung, Kim, Gihyeon, Byun, Min Soo, Lee, Jun Ho, Yi, Dahyun, Park, Hansoo, Lee, Dong Young
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9707757/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36445883
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278276
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Although some human studies have reported gut microbiome changes in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), gut microbiome alterations in preclinical AD, i.e., cerebral amyloidosis without cognitive impairment, is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify gut microbial alterations associated with preclinical AD by comparing cognitively normal (CN) older adults with cerebral Aβ deposition (Aβ+ CN) and those without cerebral Aβ deposition (Aβ− CN). METHODS: Seventy-eight CN older participants (18 Aβ+ CN and 60 Aβ− CN) were included, and all participants underwent clinical assessment and Pittsburg compound B–positron emission tomography. The V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene of genomic DNA extracted from feces was amplified and sequenced to establish the microbial community. RESULTS: Generalized linear model analysis revealed that the genera Megamonas (B = 3.399, q<0.001), Serratia (B = 3.044, q = 0.005), Leptotrichia (B = 5.862, q = 0.024) and Clostridium (family Clostridiaceae) (B = 0.788, q = 0.034) were more abundant in the Aβ+ CN group than the Aβ− CN group. In contrast, genera CF231 (B = −3.237, q< 0.001), Victivallis (B = −3.447, q = 0.004) Enterococcus (B = −2.044, q = 0.042), Mitsuokella (B = −2.119, q = 0.042) and Clostridium (family Erysipelotrichaceae) (B = −2.222, q = 0.043) were decreased in Aβ+ CN compared to Aβ− CN. Notably, the classification model including the differently abundant genera could effectively distinguish Aβ+ CN from Aβ− CN (AUC = 0.823). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that specific alterations of gut bacterial taxa are related to preclinical AD, which means these changes may precede cognitive decline. Therefore, examining changes in the microbiome may be helpful in preclinical AD screening.