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Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection in Serbia: Pandemic challenge in a low-burden country

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) represent global threats to the public health system. The impact of COVID-19 on TB results in a reduction in the number of notified TB cases, delayed diagnosis and treatment, and increased case fatality and mortality rates. The aim of the study was to ana...

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Autores principales: Adzic-Vukicevic, Tatjana, Stosic, Maja, Antonijevic, Gordana, Jevtic, Miroslav, Radovanovic-Spurnic, Aleksandra, Velickovic, Jelena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9709136/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36465947
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.971008
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author Adzic-Vukicevic, Tatjana
Stosic, Maja
Antonijevic, Gordana
Jevtic, Miroslav
Radovanovic-Spurnic, Aleksandra
Velickovic, Jelena
author_facet Adzic-Vukicevic, Tatjana
Stosic, Maja
Antonijevic, Gordana
Jevtic, Miroslav
Radovanovic-Spurnic, Aleksandra
Velickovic, Jelena
author_sort Adzic-Vukicevic, Tatjana
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) represent global threats to the public health system. The impact of COVID-19 on TB results in a reduction in the number of notified TB cases, delayed diagnosis and treatment, and increased case fatality and mortality rates. The aim of the study was to analyze the TB/COVID-19 co-infected cohort in Serbia as a low-burden country and compare it to the global TB/COVID-19 cohort. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was done on 53 TB and COVID-19 co-infected patients treated in COVID hospital “Batajnica” in Belgrade and Special Hospital for Pulmonary Diseases “Ozren” Sokobanja in the period from 6 March 2020 to 1 April 2022. A comparative analysis with the global cohort published recently was also performed. RESULTS: TB/COVID-19 cohort in Serbia included significantly fewer migrants and diabetes cases, but more cases with chronic respiratory diseases compared to the global. Descriptive analysis of TB cases in the Serbian TB/COVID-19 cohort showed fewer cases diagnosed with sputum smear and Gene Xpert/HAIN, fewer EPTB and mono-resistant cases, and more cases diagnosed with solid culture, unilateral pulmonary infiltrate (with bilateral cavity lesions), and bilateral pulmonary infiltrate (no cavities) compared to TB/COVID-19 cases worldwide. Nasal congestion and fever were more common COVID-19 symptoms in the global cohort. Radiology was more commonly used for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in Serbia. Typical bilateral ground opacities were less common among Serbian patients. Serbian patients spent fewer days in the hospital and achieved a higher PCR conversion rate and TB treatment success rate. CONCLUSION: The Serbian TB/COVID-19 cohort achieved a higher treatment success rate compared to the global cohort. Encouraging vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 for people with a current or past TB disease, as well as rapid diagnosis and targeted treatment of TB in highly specialized pulmonology institutions, presents key points to avoid excessive morbidity and mortality.
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spelling pubmed-97091362022-12-01 Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection in Serbia: Pandemic challenge in a low-burden country Adzic-Vukicevic, Tatjana Stosic, Maja Antonijevic, Gordana Jevtic, Miroslav Radovanovic-Spurnic, Aleksandra Velickovic, Jelena Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) represent global threats to the public health system. The impact of COVID-19 on TB results in a reduction in the number of notified TB cases, delayed diagnosis and treatment, and increased case fatality and mortality rates. The aim of the study was to analyze the TB/COVID-19 co-infected cohort in Serbia as a low-burden country and compare it to the global TB/COVID-19 cohort. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was done on 53 TB and COVID-19 co-infected patients treated in COVID hospital “Batajnica” in Belgrade and Special Hospital for Pulmonary Diseases “Ozren” Sokobanja in the period from 6 March 2020 to 1 April 2022. A comparative analysis with the global cohort published recently was also performed. RESULTS: TB/COVID-19 cohort in Serbia included significantly fewer migrants and diabetes cases, but more cases with chronic respiratory diseases compared to the global. Descriptive analysis of TB cases in the Serbian TB/COVID-19 cohort showed fewer cases diagnosed with sputum smear and Gene Xpert/HAIN, fewer EPTB and mono-resistant cases, and more cases diagnosed with solid culture, unilateral pulmonary infiltrate (with bilateral cavity lesions), and bilateral pulmonary infiltrate (no cavities) compared to TB/COVID-19 cases worldwide. Nasal congestion and fever were more common COVID-19 symptoms in the global cohort. Radiology was more commonly used for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in Serbia. Typical bilateral ground opacities were less common among Serbian patients. Serbian patients spent fewer days in the hospital and achieved a higher PCR conversion rate and TB treatment success rate. CONCLUSION: The Serbian TB/COVID-19 cohort achieved a higher treatment success rate compared to the global cohort. Encouraging vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 for people with a current or past TB disease, as well as rapid diagnosis and targeted treatment of TB in highly specialized pulmonology institutions, presents key points to avoid excessive morbidity and mortality. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9709136/ /pubmed/36465947 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.971008 Text en Copyright © 2022 Adzic-Vukicevic, Stosic, Antonijevic, Jevtic, Radovanovic-Spurnic and Velickovic. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Adzic-Vukicevic, Tatjana
Stosic, Maja
Antonijevic, Gordana
Jevtic, Miroslav
Radovanovic-Spurnic, Aleksandra
Velickovic, Jelena
Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection in Serbia: Pandemic challenge in a low-burden country
title Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection in Serbia: Pandemic challenge in a low-burden country
title_full Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection in Serbia: Pandemic challenge in a low-burden country
title_fullStr Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection in Serbia: Pandemic challenge in a low-burden country
title_full_unstemmed Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection in Serbia: Pandemic challenge in a low-burden country
title_short Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection in Serbia: Pandemic challenge in a low-burden country
title_sort tuberculosis and covid-19 co-infection in serbia: pandemic challenge in a low-burden country
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9709136/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36465947
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.971008
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