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How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation

“Tang-Ping” (TP), referring to “lying flat” literally, has been a buzzword in China web media since 2021. As the opponent of effort-making (EM) behaviors which have both instrumental and purpose values in Confucian culture, TP has a negative moral implication in China and has been criticized by the...

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Autor principal: Hsu, Han-Yu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9709313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36467191
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871439
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author Hsu, Han-Yu
author_facet Hsu, Han-Yu
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description “Tang-Ping” (TP), referring to “lying flat” literally, has been a buzzword in China web media since 2021. As the opponent of effort-making (EM) behaviors which have both instrumental and purpose values in Confucian culture, TP has a negative moral implication in China and has been criticized by the state-owned media. Meanwhile, the meaning of TP also contains a negative form of resistance toward social and organizational inequality, which may be acceptable under unfair circumstances. This study employed the imagined-scenario method to investigate the public’s moral evaluations of TP and EM behaviors under conditions of different return expectations. An online questionnaire with 2 (TP vs. EM) by 2 (low vs. high return expectation) between-participants designed scenarios were employed, along with the measurements of obligation belief of effort (OBE) and improvement belief of effort (IBE) scales (N = 210). The results found that (1) TP behaviors were evaluated as morally wrong in general, while EM behaviors were morally right; (2) the return expectation of the scenario moderated the behavior type’s effect on moral evaluation, that EM behaviors were evaluated positively regardless of return expectation, while TP behaviors became acceptable with a neutral score under the low return expectation; (3) both OBE and IBE correlated positively with evaluations of EM while negatively with evaluations of TP. The theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
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spelling pubmed-97093132022-12-01 How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation Hsu, Han-Yu Front Psychol Psychology “Tang-Ping” (TP), referring to “lying flat” literally, has been a buzzword in China web media since 2021. As the opponent of effort-making (EM) behaviors which have both instrumental and purpose values in Confucian culture, TP has a negative moral implication in China and has been criticized by the state-owned media. Meanwhile, the meaning of TP also contains a negative form of resistance toward social and organizational inequality, which may be acceptable under unfair circumstances. This study employed the imagined-scenario method to investigate the public’s moral evaluations of TP and EM behaviors under conditions of different return expectations. An online questionnaire with 2 (TP vs. EM) by 2 (low vs. high return expectation) between-participants designed scenarios were employed, along with the measurements of obligation belief of effort (OBE) and improvement belief of effort (IBE) scales (N = 210). The results found that (1) TP behaviors were evaluated as morally wrong in general, while EM behaviors were morally right; (2) the return expectation of the scenario moderated the behavior type’s effect on moral evaluation, that EM behaviors were evaluated positively regardless of return expectation, while TP behaviors became acceptable with a neutral score under the low return expectation; (3) both OBE and IBE correlated positively with evaluations of EM while negatively with evaluations of TP. The theoretical and practical implications were discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9709313/ /pubmed/36467191 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871439 Text en Copyright © 2022 Hsu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Hsu, Han-Yu
How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation
title How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation
title_full How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation
title_fullStr How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation
title_full_unstemmed How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation
title_short How do Chinese people evaluate “Tang-Ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: The moderation effect of return expectation
title_sort how do chinese people evaluate “tang-ping” (lying flat) and effort-making: the moderation effect of return expectation
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9709313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36467191
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871439
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