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Transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women enrolled in a cash plus intervention in rural Tanzania: a mixed‐methods study
INTRODUCTION: Transactional sex or material exchange for sex is associated with HIV infection among adolescent girls and young women in sub‐Saharan Africa. The motivations for engaging in transactional sex vary from the fulfilment of basic needs, to enhancing social status or for romantic reasons wi...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9712808/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36451279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26038 |
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author | Ranganathan, Meghna Quinones, Sarah Palermo, Tia Gilbert, Ulrike Kajula, Lusajo |
author_facet | Ranganathan, Meghna Quinones, Sarah Palermo, Tia Gilbert, Ulrike Kajula, Lusajo |
author_sort | Ranganathan, Meghna |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Transactional sex or material exchange for sex is associated with HIV infection among adolescent girls and young women in sub‐Saharan Africa. The motivations for engaging in transactional sex vary from the fulfilment of basic needs, to enhancing social status or for romantic reasons with the expectation that men should provide. Transactional sex is also associated with HIV risk behaviours, such as multiple sexual partners and other determinants of HIV risk, including partner violence and abuse, alcohol consumption and inconsistent condom use. METHODS: We use data from a mixed‐method, cluster randomised controlled trial of the Ujana Salama cash “plus” intervention in rural Tanzania. The data are from the first and third rounds of data collection (2017–2019). The impact evaluation consisted of a parallel mixed‐methods design where the quantitative and qualitative data collection occurred simultaneously, and integration of the findings was done during the discussion. We first examine contextual factors associated with transactional sex using multivariable logistic regression models and then estimate whether the “plus” intervention reduced transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women using analysis of covariance. We used thematic content analysis for analysing qualitative transcripts. RESULTS: The prevalence of transactional sex among unmarried adolescent girls and young women at round 3 was 26%. Findings show that increasing age is a risk factor for transactional sex (OR = 1.80; 95% CI: [1.50, 2.17]), staying in school was negatively associated with engagement in transactional sex (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: [0.14, 0.40]). The cash plus intervention showed no impacts on reducing transactional sex (β = 0.003, p = 0.905). CONCLUSIONS: The mechanisms of impact for a cash plus intervention on transactional sex are complex; economic insecurity is an important driver of transactional sex and HIV infection, but psychosocial factors and gendered social norms need consideration in intervention development. Our findings suggest that combination prevention interventions to address the structural drivers of HIV infection should focus on efforts to increase school enrolment and completion. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9712808 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97128082022-12-02 Transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women enrolled in a cash plus intervention in rural Tanzania: a mixed‐methods study Ranganathan, Meghna Quinones, Sarah Palermo, Tia Gilbert, Ulrike Kajula, Lusajo J Int AIDS Soc Research Articles INTRODUCTION: Transactional sex or material exchange for sex is associated with HIV infection among adolescent girls and young women in sub‐Saharan Africa. The motivations for engaging in transactional sex vary from the fulfilment of basic needs, to enhancing social status or for romantic reasons with the expectation that men should provide. Transactional sex is also associated with HIV risk behaviours, such as multiple sexual partners and other determinants of HIV risk, including partner violence and abuse, alcohol consumption and inconsistent condom use. METHODS: We use data from a mixed‐method, cluster randomised controlled trial of the Ujana Salama cash “plus” intervention in rural Tanzania. The data are from the first and third rounds of data collection (2017–2019). The impact evaluation consisted of a parallel mixed‐methods design where the quantitative and qualitative data collection occurred simultaneously, and integration of the findings was done during the discussion. We first examine contextual factors associated with transactional sex using multivariable logistic regression models and then estimate whether the “plus” intervention reduced transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women using analysis of covariance. We used thematic content analysis for analysing qualitative transcripts. RESULTS: The prevalence of transactional sex among unmarried adolescent girls and young women at round 3 was 26%. Findings show that increasing age is a risk factor for transactional sex (OR = 1.80; 95% CI: [1.50, 2.17]), staying in school was negatively associated with engagement in transactional sex (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: [0.14, 0.40]). The cash plus intervention showed no impacts on reducing transactional sex (β = 0.003, p = 0.905). CONCLUSIONS: The mechanisms of impact for a cash plus intervention on transactional sex are complex; economic insecurity is an important driver of transactional sex and HIV infection, but psychosocial factors and gendered social norms need consideration in intervention development. Our findings suggest that combination prevention interventions to address the structural drivers of HIV infection should focus on efforts to increase school enrolment and completion. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9712808/ /pubmed/36451279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26038 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Journal of the International AIDS Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International AIDS Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Ranganathan, Meghna Quinones, Sarah Palermo, Tia Gilbert, Ulrike Kajula, Lusajo Transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women enrolled in a cash plus intervention in rural Tanzania: a mixed‐methods study |
title | Transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women enrolled in a cash plus intervention in rural Tanzania: a mixed‐methods study |
title_full | Transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women enrolled in a cash plus intervention in rural Tanzania: a mixed‐methods study |
title_fullStr | Transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women enrolled in a cash plus intervention in rural Tanzania: a mixed‐methods study |
title_full_unstemmed | Transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women enrolled in a cash plus intervention in rural Tanzania: a mixed‐methods study |
title_short | Transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women enrolled in a cash plus intervention in rural Tanzania: a mixed‐methods study |
title_sort | transactional sex among adolescent girls and young women enrolled in a cash plus intervention in rural tanzania: a mixed‐methods study |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9712808/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36451279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jia2.26038 |
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