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Trends in smoking-attributable mortality in Spain: 1990–2018

BACKGROUND: This study sought to analyse the trend in smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) in Spain among the population aged ≥35 years across the period 1990–2018. METHODS: SAM was estimated by applying a prevalence-independent method, which uses lung cancer (LC) mortality as a proxy of tobacco con...

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Autores principales: Rey-Brandariz, Julia, Pérez-Ríos, Mónica, Santiago-Pérez, María Isolina, Galán, Iñaki, Schiaffino, Anna, Varela-Lema, Leonor, Montes, Agustín, López-Vizcaíno, María Esther, Giraldo-Osorio, Alexandra, Candal-Pedreira, Cristina, Ruano-Ravina, Alberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9713395/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36394991
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckac165
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author Rey-Brandariz, Julia
Pérez-Ríos, Mónica
Santiago-Pérez, María Isolina
Galán, Iñaki
Schiaffino, Anna
Varela-Lema, Leonor
Montes, Agustín
López-Vizcaíno, María Esther
Giraldo-Osorio, Alexandra
Candal-Pedreira, Cristina
Ruano-Ravina, Alberto
author_facet Rey-Brandariz, Julia
Pérez-Ríos, Mónica
Santiago-Pérez, María Isolina
Galán, Iñaki
Schiaffino, Anna
Varela-Lema, Leonor
Montes, Agustín
López-Vizcaíno, María Esther
Giraldo-Osorio, Alexandra
Candal-Pedreira, Cristina
Ruano-Ravina, Alberto
author_sort Rey-Brandariz, Julia
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: This study sought to analyse the trend in smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) in Spain among the population aged ≥35 years across the period 1990–2018. METHODS: SAM was estimated by applying a prevalence-independent method, which uses lung cancer (LC) mortality as a proxy of tobacco consumption. We sourced observed mortality from the National Institute of Statistics (Spain), LC mortality rates in smokers and never smokers from the Cancer Prevention Study I–II, and relative risks from 5 US cohorts. Estimates of annual SAM by cause of death, sex and age are shown, along with crude and annual standardised SAM rates. The trend in standardised all-cause and LC rates was analysed using a joinpoint regression model. RESULTS: Tobacco caused 1 717 150 deaths in Spain in the period 1990–2018. Among men, cancers replaced cardiovascular diseases–diabetes mellitus (CVD–DM) as the leading group of tobacco-related cause of death in 1994. Among women, CVD–DM remained the leading cause of death throughout the period. Trend analysis of standardised SAM rates due to all causes and LC showed a decrease in men and an increase in women. CONCLUSIONS: The tobacco epidemic in Spain across the period 1990–2018 has had an important impact on mortality and has evolved differently in both genders. SAM is expected to increase dramatically in women in the coming years. SAM data highlight the importance of including a gender perspective in SAM analyses, in designing more effective and comprehensive public health interventions and in developing gender-specific tobacco control policies to curb tobacco consumption.
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spelling pubmed-97133952022-12-02 Trends in smoking-attributable mortality in Spain: 1990–2018 Rey-Brandariz, Julia Pérez-Ríos, Mónica Santiago-Pérez, María Isolina Galán, Iñaki Schiaffino, Anna Varela-Lema, Leonor Montes, Agustín López-Vizcaíno, María Esther Giraldo-Osorio, Alexandra Candal-Pedreira, Cristina Ruano-Ravina, Alberto Eur J Public Health Tobacco BACKGROUND: This study sought to analyse the trend in smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) in Spain among the population aged ≥35 years across the period 1990–2018. METHODS: SAM was estimated by applying a prevalence-independent method, which uses lung cancer (LC) mortality as a proxy of tobacco consumption. We sourced observed mortality from the National Institute of Statistics (Spain), LC mortality rates in smokers and never smokers from the Cancer Prevention Study I–II, and relative risks from 5 US cohorts. Estimates of annual SAM by cause of death, sex and age are shown, along with crude and annual standardised SAM rates. The trend in standardised all-cause and LC rates was analysed using a joinpoint regression model. RESULTS: Tobacco caused 1 717 150 deaths in Spain in the period 1990–2018. Among men, cancers replaced cardiovascular diseases–diabetes mellitus (CVD–DM) as the leading group of tobacco-related cause of death in 1994. Among women, CVD–DM remained the leading cause of death throughout the period. Trend analysis of standardised SAM rates due to all causes and LC showed a decrease in men and an increase in women. CONCLUSIONS: The tobacco epidemic in Spain across the period 1990–2018 has had an important impact on mortality and has evolved differently in both genders. SAM is expected to increase dramatically in women in the coming years. SAM data highlight the importance of including a gender perspective in SAM analyses, in designing more effective and comprehensive public health interventions and in developing gender-specific tobacco control policies to curb tobacco consumption. Oxford University Press 2022-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9713395/ /pubmed/36394991 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckac165 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Tobacco
Rey-Brandariz, Julia
Pérez-Ríos, Mónica
Santiago-Pérez, María Isolina
Galán, Iñaki
Schiaffino, Anna
Varela-Lema, Leonor
Montes, Agustín
López-Vizcaíno, María Esther
Giraldo-Osorio, Alexandra
Candal-Pedreira, Cristina
Ruano-Ravina, Alberto
Trends in smoking-attributable mortality in Spain: 1990–2018
title Trends in smoking-attributable mortality in Spain: 1990–2018
title_full Trends in smoking-attributable mortality in Spain: 1990–2018
title_fullStr Trends in smoking-attributable mortality in Spain: 1990–2018
title_full_unstemmed Trends in smoking-attributable mortality in Spain: 1990–2018
title_short Trends in smoking-attributable mortality in Spain: 1990–2018
title_sort trends in smoking-attributable mortality in spain: 1990–2018
topic Tobacco
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9713395/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36394991
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckac165
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