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Are peanut oral food challenges still useful? An evaluation of children with suspected peanut allergy, sensitization to Ara h 2 and controlled asthma

BACKGROUND: Sensitization to Ara h 2 has been proposed as a promising biological marker for the severity of peanut allergy and may reduce the need for oral food challenges. This study aimed to evaluate whether peanut oral food challenge is still a useful diagnostic tool for children with suspected p...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ojaniemi, Iida, Salmivesi, Susanna, Tikkakoski, Antti, Karjalainen, Jussi, Lehtimäki, Lauri, Schultz, Rüdiger
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9714138/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36451230
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13223-022-00743-6
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Sensitization to Ara h 2 has been proposed as a promising biological marker for the severity of peanut allergy and may reduce the need for oral food challenges. This study aimed to evaluate whether peanut oral food challenge is still a useful diagnostic tool for children with suspected peanut allergy and an elevated level of Ara h 2-specific IgE. Additionally, we assessed whether well-controlled asthma is an additional risk for severe reactions. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 107 children with sensitization to Ara h 2-specific IgE (> 0.35 kU/l) undergoing open peanut challenges during 2012–2018 in the Tampere University Hospital Allergy Centre, Finland. RESULTS: Of the 107 challenges, 82 (77%) were positive. Serum levels of Ara h 2 -sIgE were higher in subjects with a positive challenge than in those who remained negative (median 32.9 (IQR 6.7–99.8) vs. 2.1 (IQR 1.0–4.9) kU/l), p < 0.001) but were not significantly different between subjects with and without anaphylaxis. No correlation was observed between the serum level of Ara h 2-sIgE and reaction severity grading. Well-controlled asthma did not affect the challenge outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated levels of Ara h 2-specific IgE are associated with a positive outcome in peanut challenges but not a reliable predictor of reaction severity. Additionally, well-controlled asthma is not a risk factor for severe reactions in peanut challenges in children with sensitization to Ara h 2.