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An external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of internal and external (proximal and distal) attentional focus on table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players. Fifty-one undergraduate physical education (PE) students were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Group G1 (IF) was instructed...

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Autores principales: Niźnikowski, Tomasz, Łuba-Arnista, Weronika, Arnista, Paweł, Porter, Jared M., Makaruk, Hubert, Sadowski, Jerzy, Mastalerz, Andrzej, Niźnikowska, Ewelina, Shaw, Andrew
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9714895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36455038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274717
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author Niźnikowski, Tomasz
Łuba-Arnista, Weronika
Arnista, Paweł
Porter, Jared M.
Makaruk, Hubert
Sadowski, Jerzy
Mastalerz, Andrzej
Niźnikowska, Ewelina
Shaw, Andrew
author_facet Niźnikowski, Tomasz
Łuba-Arnista, Weronika
Arnista, Paweł
Porter, Jared M.
Makaruk, Hubert
Sadowski, Jerzy
Mastalerz, Andrzej
Niźnikowska, Ewelina
Shaw, Andrew
author_sort Niźnikowski, Tomasz
collection PubMed
description The aim of the study was to determine the impact of internal and external (proximal and distal) attentional focus on table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players. Fifty-one undergraduate physical education (PE) students were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Group G1 (IF) was instructed to focus on the hand holding the paddle, Group G2 (EFP) was instructed to focus on the ball, while Group G3 (EFD) was instructed to focus on targets marked on the tennis table. The experimental groups followed identical instructions except for the instruction about the focus of attention. Participants were asked to score as many points as possible by hitting the ball inside the three smallest targets marked on the tennis table. They were required to do so using a backhand stroke. The practice session consisted of 45 trials in three blocks of backhand (15 trials at each target). A special scoring system was used to determine the accuracy of the strokes. One of the most important findings from the current research was that groups with an external focus of attention revealed significant improvements in accuracy in the post-test, while the group with an internal focus of attention achieved low training effects. No significant difference was observed between G2 (EFP) and G3 (EFD) in the delayed retention test, which indicates that proximal and distal attentional focus had similar effects on table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players.
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spelling pubmed-97148952022-12-02 An external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players Niźnikowski, Tomasz Łuba-Arnista, Weronika Arnista, Paweł Porter, Jared M. Makaruk, Hubert Sadowski, Jerzy Mastalerz, Andrzej Niźnikowska, Ewelina Shaw, Andrew PLoS One Research Article The aim of the study was to determine the impact of internal and external (proximal and distal) attentional focus on table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players. Fifty-one undergraduate physical education (PE) students were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Group G1 (IF) was instructed to focus on the hand holding the paddle, Group G2 (EFP) was instructed to focus on the ball, while Group G3 (EFD) was instructed to focus on targets marked on the tennis table. The experimental groups followed identical instructions except for the instruction about the focus of attention. Participants were asked to score as many points as possible by hitting the ball inside the three smallest targets marked on the tennis table. They were required to do so using a backhand stroke. The practice session consisted of 45 trials in three blocks of backhand (15 trials at each target). A special scoring system was used to determine the accuracy of the strokes. One of the most important findings from the current research was that groups with an external focus of attention revealed significant improvements in accuracy in the post-test, while the group with an internal focus of attention achieved low training effects. No significant difference was observed between G2 (EFP) and G3 (EFD) in the delayed retention test, which indicates that proximal and distal attentional focus had similar effects on table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players. Public Library of Science 2022-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9714895/ /pubmed/36455038 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274717 Text en © 2022 Niźnikowski et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Niźnikowski, Tomasz
Łuba-Arnista, Weronika
Arnista, Paweł
Porter, Jared M.
Makaruk, Hubert
Sadowski, Jerzy
Mastalerz, Andrzej
Niźnikowska, Ewelina
Shaw, Andrew
An external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players
title An external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players
title_full An external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players
title_fullStr An external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players
title_full_unstemmed An external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players
title_short An external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players
title_sort external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9714895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36455038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274717
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