Resistin and risks of incident heart failure subtypes and cardiac fibrosis: the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

AIMS: Resistin is a circulating inflammatory biomarker that is associated with cardiovascular disease. We investigated the associations of resistin and incident heart failure (HF) and its subtypes, as well as specific measures of subclinical HF (myocardial fibrosis and relevant biomarkers). METHODS: We analysed data from 1968 participants in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis with measurements of plasma resistin levels at clinic visits from 2002 to 2005. Participants were subsequently followed for a median of 10.5 years for HF events. The associations between resistin levels and incident HF, HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) were examined using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Linear regression models assessed the associations between resistin levels and myocardial fibrosis from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, as well as hs‐cTnT and NT‐proBNP. RESULTS: The mean age of the cohort was 64.7 years, and 50.0% were female. Seventy‐four participants (4%) developed incident HF during follow‐up. In a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age, gender, education level, race/ethnicity, and traditional risk factors, higher resistin levels were significantly associated with incident HF (HR 1.44, CI 1.18–1.75, P = 0.001) and HFrEF (HR 1.47, CI 1.07–2.02, P = 0.016), but not with HFpEF (HR 1.25, CI 0.89–1.75, P = 0.195). Resistin levels showed no significant associations with myocardial fibrosis, NT‐proBNP, or hs‐cTnT levels. CONCLUSIONS: In a multi‐ethnic cohort free of cardiovascular disease at baseline, elevated resistin levels were associated with incident HF, more prominently with incident HFrEF than HFpEF, but not with subclinical myocardial fibrosis or biomarkers of HF.