B Cell Subsets in Colombian Adults with Predominantly Antibody Deficiencies, Bronchiectasis or Recurrent Pneumonia

HIGHLIGHTS: Flow cytometry evaluation of B cells subsets in peripheral blood successfully recognizes subjects predominantly with antibodies deficiencies. Memory B cell populations (especially switched memory B cells) are decreased in subjects predominantly with antibodies deficiencies. CD8+ T cells and NK cells are affected in subjects with common variable immunodeficiency. Patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis or recurrent pneumonia exhibit a reduction in naive B cells. ABSTRACT: Aim: To evaluate and describe lymphocyte populations’ and B cell subsets’ frequencies in patients presenting with Predominantly antibody deficiencies (PAD) and diagnosed with bronchiectasis or recurrent pneumonia seen in Cali (Colombian Southwest region). Materials and Methods: 16 subjects with PAD, 20 subjects with pulmonary complications (bronchiectasis or recurrent pneumonia) and 20 healthy donors (HD). Controls and probands between 14 and 64 years old, regardless of gender were included. Lymphocyte populations (T, B and NK cells) and B cell subsets were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using flow cytometry, T/B/NK reagent and the pre-germinal center antibody panel proposed by the EUROflow consortium were used. EUROclass and the classification proposed by Driessen et al. were implemented. Results: CVID patients exhibited increase absolute numbers of CD8+ T cells and reduce NK cells as compare with HD, other PAD cases or pulmonary complications. PAD B cell subsets were disturbed when compared to the age range-matched healthy donors. Among B cell subsets, the memory B cell compartment was the most affected, especially switched memory B cells. Four participants were classified as B- and two CVID as smB-Trnorm and smB-21low groups according to EUROclass classification. The most frequent patterns proposed by Driessen et al. were B cell production and germinal center defect. Conclusions: B cell subsets, especially memory B cells, are disturbed in PAD patients from Southwestern Colombia. To the best of our knowledge this is the most comprehensive study of B cell subsets in Colombian adults.