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Malignant Hyperthermia in PICU—From Diagnosis to Treatment in the Light of Up-to-Date Knowledge

Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, hereditary, life-threatening disease triggered by volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine. Rarely, MH can occur after non-pharmacological triggers too. MH was detected more often in children and young adults, which makes this topic very important for every ped...

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Autores principales: Klincová, Martina, Štěpánková, Dagmar, Schröderová, Ivana, Klabusayová, Eva, Štourač, Petr
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717737/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36360420
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9111692
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author Klincová, Martina
Štěpánková, Dagmar
Schröderová, Ivana
Klabusayová, Eva
Štourač, Petr
author_facet Klincová, Martina
Štěpánková, Dagmar
Schröderová, Ivana
Klabusayová, Eva
Štourač, Petr
author_sort Klincová, Martina
collection PubMed
description Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, hereditary, life-threatening disease triggered by volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine. Rarely, MH can occur after non-pharmacological triggers too. MH was detected more often in children and young adults, which makes this topic very important for every pediatric specialist, both anesthesiologists and intensivists. MH crisis is a life-threatening severe hypermetabolic whole-body reaction. Triggers of MH are used in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) as well, volatile anesthetics in difficult sedation, status asthmaticus or epilepticus, and succinylcholine still sometimes in airway management. Recrudescence or delayed onset of MH crisis hours after anesthesia was previously described. MH can also be a cause of rhabdomyolysis and hyperpyrexia in the PICU. In addition, patients with neuromuscular diseases are often admitted to PICU and they might be at risk for MH. The most typical symptoms of MH are hypercapnia, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and muscle rigidity. Thinking of the MH as the possible cause of deterioration of a patient’s clinical condition is the key to early diagnosis and treatment. The sooner the correct treatment is commenced, the better patient´s outcome. This narrative review article aims to summarize current knowledge and guidelines about recognition, treatment, and further management of MH in PICU.
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spelling pubmed-97177372022-12-03 Malignant Hyperthermia in PICU—From Diagnosis to Treatment in the Light of Up-to-Date Knowledge Klincová, Martina Štěpánková, Dagmar Schröderová, Ivana Klabusayová, Eva Štourač, Petr Children (Basel) Review Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, hereditary, life-threatening disease triggered by volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine. Rarely, MH can occur after non-pharmacological triggers too. MH was detected more often in children and young adults, which makes this topic very important for every pediatric specialist, both anesthesiologists and intensivists. MH crisis is a life-threatening severe hypermetabolic whole-body reaction. Triggers of MH are used in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) as well, volatile anesthetics in difficult sedation, status asthmaticus or epilepticus, and succinylcholine still sometimes in airway management. Recrudescence or delayed onset of MH crisis hours after anesthesia was previously described. MH can also be a cause of rhabdomyolysis and hyperpyrexia in the PICU. In addition, patients with neuromuscular diseases are often admitted to PICU and they might be at risk for MH. The most typical symptoms of MH are hypercapnia, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and muscle rigidity. Thinking of the MH as the possible cause of deterioration of a patient’s clinical condition is the key to early diagnosis and treatment. The sooner the correct treatment is commenced, the better patient´s outcome. This narrative review article aims to summarize current knowledge and guidelines about recognition, treatment, and further management of MH in PICU. MDPI 2022-11-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9717737/ /pubmed/36360420 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9111692 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Klincová, Martina
Štěpánková, Dagmar
Schröderová, Ivana
Klabusayová, Eva
Štourač, Petr
Malignant Hyperthermia in PICU—From Diagnosis to Treatment in the Light of Up-to-Date Knowledge
title Malignant Hyperthermia in PICU—From Diagnosis to Treatment in the Light of Up-to-Date Knowledge
title_full Malignant Hyperthermia in PICU—From Diagnosis to Treatment in the Light of Up-to-Date Knowledge
title_fullStr Malignant Hyperthermia in PICU—From Diagnosis to Treatment in the Light of Up-to-Date Knowledge
title_full_unstemmed Malignant Hyperthermia in PICU—From Diagnosis to Treatment in the Light of Up-to-Date Knowledge
title_short Malignant Hyperthermia in PICU—From Diagnosis to Treatment in the Light of Up-to-Date Knowledge
title_sort malignant hyperthermia in picu—from diagnosis to treatment in the light of up-to-date knowledge
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9717737/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36360420
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9111692
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