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Metagenomic next-generation sequencing clinches the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review

Legionella pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila is a multi-system disease that is a life-threatening, acute, and severe form of pneumonia. L. pneumophila is widespread and the clinical manifestations of Legionella pneumonia are similar to those of typical and atypical pneumonia. Current diagno...

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Autores principales: Niu, Siqiang, Zhao, Limin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9720252/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36478673
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.924597
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author Niu, Siqiang
Zhao, Limin
author_facet Niu, Siqiang
Zhao, Limin
author_sort Niu, Siqiang
collection PubMed
description Legionella pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila is a multi-system disease that is a life-threatening, acute, and severe form of pneumonia. L. pneumophila is widespread and the clinical manifestations of Legionella pneumonia are similar to those of typical and atypical pneumonia. Current diagnostic scores and radiologic evidence have limited diagnostic value. Thus, it is likely that many cases of Legionella pneumonia remain unreported. We describe a woman with a medical history of acute myeloid leukemia who suffered from repeated fever, and no relief following initial empirical antibiotic treatment. Ultimately, she was diagnosed with Legionella pneumonia based on metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). We also performed a systematic review of the literature and identified 5 other patients who were diagnosed with Legionella pneumonia using mNGS, and reviewed their clinical characteristics, biological characteristics, epidemiological features, laboratory results, clinical findings, and treatments. This literature review showed that accurate etiological diagnosis is becoming increasingly essential for a definitive diagnosis and treatment strategies. The clinical manifestations of Legionella pneumonia are non-specific, and many routine laboratory diagnostic tests cannot identify Legionella. mNGS, an indispensable approach for identifying microorganisms, can provide a promising tool for the rapid and accurate etiological diagnosis methods contributing to early diagnosis, early treatment, and improved prognosis, especially for uncommon species such as L. pneumophila.
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spelling pubmed-97202522022-12-06 Metagenomic next-generation sequencing clinches the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review Niu, Siqiang Zhao, Limin Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Legionella pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila is a multi-system disease that is a life-threatening, acute, and severe form of pneumonia. L. pneumophila is widespread and the clinical manifestations of Legionella pneumonia are similar to those of typical and atypical pneumonia. Current diagnostic scores and radiologic evidence have limited diagnostic value. Thus, it is likely that many cases of Legionella pneumonia remain unreported. We describe a woman with a medical history of acute myeloid leukemia who suffered from repeated fever, and no relief following initial empirical antibiotic treatment. Ultimately, she was diagnosed with Legionella pneumonia based on metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). We also performed a systematic review of the literature and identified 5 other patients who were diagnosed with Legionella pneumonia using mNGS, and reviewed their clinical characteristics, biological characteristics, epidemiological features, laboratory results, clinical findings, and treatments. This literature review showed that accurate etiological diagnosis is becoming increasingly essential for a definitive diagnosis and treatment strategies. The clinical manifestations of Legionella pneumonia are non-specific, and many routine laboratory diagnostic tests cannot identify Legionella. mNGS, an indispensable approach for identifying microorganisms, can provide a promising tool for the rapid and accurate etiological diagnosis methods contributing to early diagnosis, early treatment, and improved prognosis, especially for uncommon species such as L. pneumophila. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9720252/ /pubmed/36478673 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.924597 Text en Copyright © 2022 Niu and Zhao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Niu, Siqiang
Zhao, Limin
Metagenomic next-generation sequencing clinches the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review
title Metagenomic next-generation sequencing clinches the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review
title_full Metagenomic next-generation sequencing clinches the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review
title_fullStr Metagenomic next-generation sequencing clinches the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review
title_full_unstemmed Metagenomic next-generation sequencing clinches the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review
title_short Metagenomic next-generation sequencing clinches the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: A case report and literature review
title_sort metagenomic next-generation sequencing clinches the diagnosis of legionella pneumonia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia: a case report and literature review
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9720252/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36478673
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.924597
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