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Solitary and multiple thyroid nodules as predictors of malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: The debate on whether or not there is a difference in the incidence of thyroid cancer between the patients with Solitary thyroid Nodule (STN) and Multinodular Goiter (MNG) has been constantly present for the last few decades. With newer studies yielding mixed results, it was imperative t...

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Autores principales: Rehman, Aqeeb Ur, Ehsan, Muhammad, Javed, Haseeba, Ameer, Muhammad Zain, Mohsin, Aleenah, Aemaz Ur Rehman, Muhammad, Nawaz, Ahmad, Amjad, Zunaira, Ameer, Fatima
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9720983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36464691
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13044-022-00140-6
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author Rehman, Aqeeb Ur
Ehsan, Muhammad
Javed, Haseeba
Ameer, Muhammad Zain
Mohsin, Aleenah
Aemaz Ur Rehman, Muhammad
Nawaz, Ahmad
Amjad, Zunaira
Ameer, Fatima
author_facet Rehman, Aqeeb Ur
Ehsan, Muhammad
Javed, Haseeba
Ameer, Muhammad Zain
Mohsin, Aleenah
Aemaz Ur Rehman, Muhammad
Nawaz, Ahmad
Amjad, Zunaira
Ameer, Fatima
author_sort Rehman, Aqeeb Ur
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The debate on whether or not there is a difference in the incidence of thyroid cancer between the patients with Solitary thyroid Nodule (STN) and Multinodular Goiter (MNG) has been constantly present for the last few decades. With newer studies yielding mixed results, it was imperative to systematically compile all available literature on the topic. METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, ScienceDirect, GoogleScholar, International Clinical Trials registry, and reference lists of the included articles were systematically searched for article retrieval. No filter was applied in terms of time, study design, language or country of publication. Rigorous screening as per PRISMA guidelines was undertaken by 2 independent reviewers in order to identify the articles that were most relevant to the topic. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies spanning from 1992 to 2018 were included in this analysis and encompassed 50,321 patients, 44.2% of which belonged to the STN subgroup and 55.37% to the MNG subgroup. MNG was found to be associated with a significantly lower risk of thyroid cancer (OR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.61–0.96) when compared with STN. Papillary carcinoma was the most frequently occurring carcinoma across both groups, followed by follicular and medullary carcinomas. A subgroup analysis was performed to assess the efficacy of the two most commonly employed diagnostic tools i.e. surgery and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), however it yielded nonsignificant results, indicating a comparable usefulness of the two. Another subgroup analysis run on the basis of the presumed iodine status of the participants also yielded nonsignificant results. CONCLUSION: There is a higher incidence of thyroid cancer among patients of STN, however, given the low quality of existing evidence on the topic, it is crucial to conduct larger studies that can establish association with a greater precision. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13044-022-00140-6.
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spelling pubmed-97209832022-12-06 Solitary and multiple thyroid nodules as predictors of malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis Rehman, Aqeeb Ur Ehsan, Muhammad Javed, Haseeba Ameer, Muhammad Zain Mohsin, Aleenah Aemaz Ur Rehman, Muhammad Nawaz, Ahmad Amjad, Zunaira Ameer, Fatima Thyroid Res Review BACKGROUND: The debate on whether or not there is a difference in the incidence of thyroid cancer between the patients with Solitary thyroid Nodule (STN) and Multinodular Goiter (MNG) has been constantly present for the last few decades. With newer studies yielding mixed results, it was imperative to systematically compile all available literature on the topic. METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, ScienceDirect, GoogleScholar, International Clinical Trials registry, and reference lists of the included articles were systematically searched for article retrieval. No filter was applied in terms of time, study design, language or country of publication. Rigorous screening as per PRISMA guidelines was undertaken by 2 independent reviewers in order to identify the articles that were most relevant to the topic. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies spanning from 1992 to 2018 were included in this analysis and encompassed 50,321 patients, 44.2% of which belonged to the STN subgroup and 55.37% to the MNG subgroup. MNG was found to be associated with a significantly lower risk of thyroid cancer (OR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.61–0.96) when compared with STN. Papillary carcinoma was the most frequently occurring carcinoma across both groups, followed by follicular and medullary carcinomas. A subgroup analysis was performed to assess the efficacy of the two most commonly employed diagnostic tools i.e. surgery and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), however it yielded nonsignificant results, indicating a comparable usefulness of the two. Another subgroup analysis run on the basis of the presumed iodine status of the participants also yielded nonsignificant results. CONCLUSION: There is a higher incidence of thyroid cancer among patients of STN, however, given the low quality of existing evidence on the topic, it is crucial to conduct larger studies that can establish association with a greater precision. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13044-022-00140-6. BioMed Central 2022-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9720983/ /pubmed/36464691 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13044-022-00140-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022, corrected publication 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Rehman, Aqeeb Ur
Ehsan, Muhammad
Javed, Haseeba
Ameer, Muhammad Zain
Mohsin, Aleenah
Aemaz Ur Rehman, Muhammad
Nawaz, Ahmad
Amjad, Zunaira
Ameer, Fatima
Solitary and multiple thyroid nodules as predictors of malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title Solitary and multiple thyroid nodules as predictors of malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Solitary and multiple thyroid nodules as predictors of malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Solitary and multiple thyroid nodules as predictors of malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Solitary and multiple thyroid nodules as predictors of malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Solitary and multiple thyroid nodules as predictors of malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort solitary and multiple thyroid nodules as predictors of malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9720983/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36464691
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13044-022-00140-6
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