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Current understanding of gliomagenesis: from model to mechanism

Glioma, a kind of central nervous system (CNS) tumor, is hard to cure and accounts for 32% of all CNS tumors. Establishing a stable glioma model is critically important to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Various core signaling pathways...

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Autores principales: Luo, Juanjuan, Junaid, Muhammad, Hamid, Naima, Duan, Jin-Jing, Yang, Xiaojun, Pei, De-Sheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Ivyspring International Publisher 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9724244/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36483593
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.77287
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author Luo, Juanjuan
Junaid, Muhammad
Hamid, Naima
Duan, Jin-Jing
Yang, Xiaojun
Pei, De-Sheng
author_facet Luo, Juanjuan
Junaid, Muhammad
Hamid, Naima
Duan, Jin-Jing
Yang, Xiaojun
Pei, De-Sheng
author_sort Luo, Juanjuan
collection PubMed
description Glioma, a kind of central nervous system (CNS) tumor, is hard to cure and accounts for 32% of all CNS tumors. Establishing a stable glioma model is critically important to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Various core signaling pathways have been identified in gliomagenesis, such as RTK/RAS/PI3K, TP53, and RB1. Traditional methods of establishing glioma animal models have included chemical induction, xenotransplantation, and genetic modifications (RCAS/t-va system, Cre-loxP, and TALENs). Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 has emerged as an efficient gene editing tool with high germline transmission and has extended the scope of stable and efficient glioma models that can be generated. Therefore, this review will highlight the documented evidence about the molecular characteristics, critical genetic markers, and signaling pathways responsible for gliomagenesis and progression. Moreover, methods of establishing glioma models using gene editing techniques and therapeutic aspects will be discussed. Finally, the prospect of applying gene editing in glioma by using CRISPR/Cas9 strategy and future research directions to establish a stable glioma model are also included in this review. In-depth knowledge of glioma signaling pathways and use of CRISPR/Cas9 can greatly assist in the development of a stable, efficient, and spontaneous glioma model, which can ultimately improve the effectiveness of therapeutic responses and cure glioma patients.
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spelling pubmed-97242442022-12-07 Current understanding of gliomagenesis: from model to mechanism Luo, Juanjuan Junaid, Muhammad Hamid, Naima Duan, Jin-Jing Yang, Xiaojun Pei, De-Sheng Int J Med Sci Review Glioma, a kind of central nervous system (CNS) tumor, is hard to cure and accounts for 32% of all CNS tumors. Establishing a stable glioma model is critically important to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Various core signaling pathways have been identified in gliomagenesis, such as RTK/RAS/PI3K, TP53, and RB1. Traditional methods of establishing glioma animal models have included chemical induction, xenotransplantation, and genetic modifications (RCAS/t-va system, Cre-loxP, and TALENs). Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 has emerged as an efficient gene editing tool with high germline transmission and has extended the scope of stable and efficient glioma models that can be generated. Therefore, this review will highlight the documented evidence about the molecular characteristics, critical genetic markers, and signaling pathways responsible for gliomagenesis and progression. Moreover, methods of establishing glioma models using gene editing techniques and therapeutic aspects will be discussed. Finally, the prospect of applying gene editing in glioma by using CRISPR/Cas9 strategy and future research directions to establish a stable glioma model are also included in this review. In-depth knowledge of glioma signaling pathways and use of CRISPR/Cas9 can greatly assist in the development of a stable, efficient, and spontaneous glioma model, which can ultimately improve the effectiveness of therapeutic responses and cure glioma patients. Ivyspring International Publisher 2022-11-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9724244/ /pubmed/36483593 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.77287 Text en © The author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.
spellingShingle Review
Luo, Juanjuan
Junaid, Muhammad
Hamid, Naima
Duan, Jin-Jing
Yang, Xiaojun
Pei, De-Sheng
Current understanding of gliomagenesis: from model to mechanism
title Current understanding of gliomagenesis: from model to mechanism
title_full Current understanding of gliomagenesis: from model to mechanism
title_fullStr Current understanding of gliomagenesis: from model to mechanism
title_full_unstemmed Current understanding of gliomagenesis: from model to mechanism
title_short Current understanding of gliomagenesis: from model to mechanism
title_sort current understanding of gliomagenesis: from model to mechanism
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9724244/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36483593
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.77287
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