Cargando…
The in situ efficacy of whole room disinfection devices: a literature review with practical recommendations for implementation
BACKGROUND: Terminal cleaning and disinfection of hospital patient rooms must be performed after discharge of a patient with a multidrug resistant micro-organism to eliminate pathogens from the environment. Terminal disinfection is often performed manually, which is prone to human errors and therefo...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9724435/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36471395 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13756-022-01183-y |
_version_ | 1784844415377866752 |
---|---|
author | van der Starre, Caroline M. Cremers-Pijpers, Suzan A. J. van Rossum, Carsten Bowles, Edmée C. Tostmann, Alma |
author_facet | van der Starre, Caroline M. Cremers-Pijpers, Suzan A. J. van Rossum, Carsten Bowles, Edmée C. Tostmann, Alma |
author_sort | van der Starre, Caroline M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Terminal cleaning and disinfection of hospital patient rooms must be performed after discharge of a patient with a multidrug resistant micro-organism to eliminate pathogens from the environment. Terminal disinfection is often performed manually, which is prone to human errors and therefore poses an increased infection risk for the next patients. Automated whole room disinfection (WRD) replaces or adds on to the manual process of disinfection and can contribute to the quality of terminal disinfection. While the in vitro efficacy of WRD devices has been extensively investigated and reviewed, little is known about the in situ efficacy in a real-life hospital setting. In this review, we summarize available literature on the in situ efficacy of WRD devices in a hospital setting and compare findings to the in vitro efficacy of WRD devices. Moreover, we offer practical recommendations for the implementation of WRD devices. METHODS: The in situ efficacy was summarized for four commonly used types of WRD devices: aerosolized hydrogen peroxide, H(2)O(2) vapour, ultraviolet C and pulsed xenon ultraviolet. The in situ efficacy was based on environmental and clinical outcome measures. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed in September 2021 to identify available literature. For each disinfection system, we summarized the available devices, practical information, in vitro efficacy and in situ efficacy. RESULTS: In total, 54 articles were included. Articles reporting environmental outcomes of WRD devices had large variation in methodology, reported outcome measures, preparation of the patient room prior to environmental sampling, the location of sampling within the room and the moment of sampling. For the clinical outcome measures, all included articles reported the infection rate. Overall, these studies consistently showed that automated disinfection using any of the four types of WRD is effective in reducing environmental and clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: Despite the large variation in the included studies, the four automated WRD systems are effective in reducing the amount of pathogens present in a hospital environment, which was also in line with conclusions from in vitro studies. Therefore, the assessment of what WRD device would be most suitable in a specific healthcare setting mostly depends on practical considerations. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13756-022-01183-y. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9724435 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97244352022-12-07 The in situ efficacy of whole room disinfection devices: a literature review with practical recommendations for implementation van der Starre, Caroline M. Cremers-Pijpers, Suzan A. J. van Rossum, Carsten Bowles, Edmée C. Tostmann, Alma Antimicrob Resist Infect Control Review BACKGROUND: Terminal cleaning and disinfection of hospital patient rooms must be performed after discharge of a patient with a multidrug resistant micro-organism to eliminate pathogens from the environment. Terminal disinfection is often performed manually, which is prone to human errors and therefore poses an increased infection risk for the next patients. Automated whole room disinfection (WRD) replaces or adds on to the manual process of disinfection and can contribute to the quality of terminal disinfection. While the in vitro efficacy of WRD devices has been extensively investigated and reviewed, little is known about the in situ efficacy in a real-life hospital setting. In this review, we summarize available literature on the in situ efficacy of WRD devices in a hospital setting and compare findings to the in vitro efficacy of WRD devices. Moreover, we offer practical recommendations for the implementation of WRD devices. METHODS: The in situ efficacy was summarized for four commonly used types of WRD devices: aerosolized hydrogen peroxide, H(2)O(2) vapour, ultraviolet C and pulsed xenon ultraviolet. The in situ efficacy was based on environmental and clinical outcome measures. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed in September 2021 to identify available literature. For each disinfection system, we summarized the available devices, practical information, in vitro efficacy and in situ efficacy. RESULTS: In total, 54 articles were included. Articles reporting environmental outcomes of WRD devices had large variation in methodology, reported outcome measures, preparation of the patient room prior to environmental sampling, the location of sampling within the room and the moment of sampling. For the clinical outcome measures, all included articles reported the infection rate. Overall, these studies consistently showed that automated disinfection using any of the four types of WRD is effective in reducing environmental and clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: Despite the large variation in the included studies, the four automated WRD systems are effective in reducing the amount of pathogens present in a hospital environment, which was also in line with conclusions from in vitro studies. Therefore, the assessment of what WRD device would be most suitable in a specific healthcare setting mostly depends on practical considerations. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13756-022-01183-y. BioMed Central 2022-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9724435/ /pubmed/36471395 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13756-022-01183-y Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Review van der Starre, Caroline M. Cremers-Pijpers, Suzan A. J. van Rossum, Carsten Bowles, Edmée C. Tostmann, Alma The in situ efficacy of whole room disinfection devices: a literature review with practical recommendations for implementation |
title | The in situ efficacy of whole room disinfection devices: a literature review with practical recommendations for implementation |
title_full | The in situ efficacy of whole room disinfection devices: a literature review with practical recommendations for implementation |
title_fullStr | The in situ efficacy of whole room disinfection devices: a literature review with practical recommendations for implementation |
title_full_unstemmed | The in situ efficacy of whole room disinfection devices: a literature review with practical recommendations for implementation |
title_short | The in situ efficacy of whole room disinfection devices: a literature review with practical recommendations for implementation |
title_sort | in situ efficacy of whole room disinfection devices: a literature review with practical recommendations for implementation |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9724435/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36471395 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13756-022-01183-y |
work_keys_str_mv | AT vanderstarrecarolinem theinsituefficacyofwholeroomdisinfectiondevicesaliteraturereviewwithpracticalrecommendationsforimplementation AT cremerspijperssuzanaj theinsituefficacyofwholeroomdisinfectiondevicesaliteraturereviewwithpracticalrecommendationsforimplementation AT vanrossumcarsten theinsituefficacyofwholeroomdisinfectiondevicesaliteraturereviewwithpracticalrecommendationsforimplementation AT bowlesedmeec theinsituefficacyofwholeroomdisinfectiondevicesaliteraturereviewwithpracticalrecommendationsforimplementation AT tostmannalma theinsituefficacyofwholeroomdisinfectiondevicesaliteraturereviewwithpracticalrecommendationsforimplementation AT vanderstarrecarolinem insituefficacyofwholeroomdisinfectiondevicesaliteraturereviewwithpracticalrecommendationsforimplementation AT cremerspijperssuzanaj insituefficacyofwholeroomdisinfectiondevicesaliteraturereviewwithpracticalrecommendationsforimplementation AT vanrossumcarsten insituefficacyofwholeroomdisinfectiondevicesaliteraturereviewwithpracticalrecommendationsforimplementation AT bowlesedmeec insituefficacyofwholeroomdisinfectiondevicesaliteraturereviewwithpracticalrecommendationsforimplementation AT tostmannalma insituefficacyofwholeroomdisinfectiondevicesaliteraturereviewwithpracticalrecommendationsforimplementation |