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Changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota: population-based study

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented increases in mortality in the U.S. and worldwide. To better understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality in the state of Minnesota, U.S.A., we characterize the changes in the causes of death during 2020 (COVID-19 period), com...

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Autores principales: McCoy, Rozalina G., Campbell, Ronna L., Mullan, Aidan F., Bucks, Colin M., Clements, Casey M., Reichard, R. Ross, Jeffery, Molly M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9727873/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36474190
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14743-z
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author McCoy, Rozalina G.
Campbell, Ronna L.
Mullan, Aidan F.
Bucks, Colin M.
Clements, Casey M.
Reichard, R. Ross
Jeffery, Molly M.
author_facet McCoy, Rozalina G.
Campbell, Ronna L.
Mullan, Aidan F.
Bucks, Colin M.
Clements, Casey M.
Reichard, R. Ross
Jeffery, Molly M.
author_sort McCoy, Rozalina G.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented increases in mortality in the U.S. and worldwide. To better understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality in the state of Minnesota, U.S.A., we characterize the changes in the causes of death during 2020 (COVID-19 period), compared to 2018–2019 (baseline period), assessing for differences across ages, races, ethnicities, sexes, and geographic characteristics. METHODS: Longitudinal population-based study using Minnesota death certificate data, 2018–2020. Using Poisson regression models adjusted for age and sex, we calculated all-cause and cause-specific (by underlying causes of death) mortality rates per 100,000 Minnesotans, the demographics of the deceased, and years of life lost (YLL) using the Chiang’s life table method in 2020 relative to 2018–2019. RESULTS: We identified 89,910 deaths in 2018–2019 and 52,030 deaths in 2020. The mean daily mortality rate increased from 123.1 (SD 11.7) in 2018–2019 to 144.2 (SD 22.1) in 2020. COVID-19 comprised 9.9% of deaths in 2020. Other categories of causes of death with significant increases in 2020 compared to 2018–2019 included assault by firearms (RR 1.68, 95% CI 1.34–2.11), accidental poisonings (RR 1.49, 95% CI 1.37–1.61), malnutrition (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.17–1.87), alcoholic liver disease (RR, 95% CI 1.14–1.40), and cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases (RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09–1.50). Mortality rates due to COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 causes were higher among racial and ethnic minority groups, older adults, and non-rural residents. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a 17% increase in the death rate in Minnesota relative to 2018–2019, driven by both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 causes. As the COVID-19 pandemic enters its third year, it is imperative to examine and address the factors contributing to excess mortality in the short-term and monitor for additional morbidity and mortality in the years to come. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14743-z.
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spelling pubmed-97278732022-12-08 Changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota: population-based study McCoy, Rozalina G. Campbell, Ronna L. Mullan, Aidan F. Bucks, Colin M. Clements, Casey M. Reichard, R. Ross Jeffery, Molly M. BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented increases in mortality in the U.S. and worldwide. To better understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality in the state of Minnesota, U.S.A., we characterize the changes in the causes of death during 2020 (COVID-19 period), compared to 2018–2019 (baseline period), assessing for differences across ages, races, ethnicities, sexes, and geographic characteristics. METHODS: Longitudinal population-based study using Minnesota death certificate data, 2018–2020. Using Poisson regression models adjusted for age and sex, we calculated all-cause and cause-specific (by underlying causes of death) mortality rates per 100,000 Minnesotans, the demographics of the deceased, and years of life lost (YLL) using the Chiang’s life table method in 2020 relative to 2018–2019. RESULTS: We identified 89,910 deaths in 2018–2019 and 52,030 deaths in 2020. The mean daily mortality rate increased from 123.1 (SD 11.7) in 2018–2019 to 144.2 (SD 22.1) in 2020. COVID-19 comprised 9.9% of deaths in 2020. Other categories of causes of death with significant increases in 2020 compared to 2018–2019 included assault by firearms (RR 1.68, 95% CI 1.34–2.11), accidental poisonings (RR 1.49, 95% CI 1.37–1.61), malnutrition (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.17–1.87), alcoholic liver disease (RR, 95% CI 1.14–1.40), and cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases (RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09–1.50). Mortality rates due to COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 causes were higher among racial and ethnic minority groups, older adults, and non-rural residents. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a 17% increase in the death rate in Minnesota relative to 2018–2019, driven by both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 causes. As the COVID-19 pandemic enters its third year, it is imperative to examine and address the factors contributing to excess mortality in the short-term and monitor for additional morbidity and mortality in the years to come. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14743-z. BioMed Central 2022-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9727873/ /pubmed/36474190 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14743-z Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
McCoy, Rozalina G.
Campbell, Ronna L.
Mullan, Aidan F.
Bucks, Colin M.
Clements, Casey M.
Reichard, R. Ross
Jeffery, Molly M.
Changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota: population-based study
title Changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota: population-based study
title_full Changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota: population-based study
title_fullStr Changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota: population-based study
title_full_unstemmed Changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota: population-based study
title_short Changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota: population-based study
title_sort changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality during the first year of the covid-19 pandemic in minnesota: population-based study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9727873/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36474190
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14743-z
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