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A Case of Anti-Caspr2 Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated with Adenocarcinoma of the Lung

Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is an inflammatory brain condition with multiple aetiologies but is mainly associated with paraneoplastic syndromes. Several antibodies described in AIE are being investigated in relation to different cancers, including antibodies against Contactin-associated protein-li...

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Autores principales: Barbosa, Fábio Pé D’Arca, Vara-Luiz, Francisco, Albuquerque, Ana, Marques, Ana Valada, Spencer, Vanda
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SMC Media Srl 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9728219/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36506746
http://dx.doi.org/10.12890/2022_003544
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author Barbosa, Fábio Pé D’Arca
Vara-Luiz, Francisco
Albuquerque, Ana
Marques, Ana Valada
Spencer, Vanda
author_facet Barbosa, Fábio Pé D’Arca
Vara-Luiz, Francisco
Albuquerque, Ana
Marques, Ana Valada
Spencer, Vanda
author_sort Barbosa, Fábio Pé D’Arca
collection PubMed
description Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is an inflammatory brain condition with multiple aetiologies but is mainly associated with paraneoplastic syndromes. Several antibodies described in AIE are being investigated in relation to different cancers, including antibodies against Contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Caspr2), which have been associated with thymoma but very rarely with lung cancer. The authors present the case of a 72-year-old man with cardiovascular risk factors, who presented with a 3-week history of left hemichorea following a first unprovoked seizure the week before, with no other signs or symptoms. The patient was submitted to extensive aetiological investigation, testing positive for anti-Caspr2 antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. AIE was diagnosed after other possible causes had been excluded. A PET scan showed signs of abnormal metabolism, with a lung biopsy confirming lung adenocarcinoma. This case highlights a very rare association and the importance of a thorough aetiological investigation for neurological complaints. LEARNING POINTS: Neurological complaints require a thorough aetiological investigation, and positive findings on imaging studies must be carefully examined. Anti-Caspr2 antibodies are classically associated with Morvan syndrome, but other neurological presentations must also be considered. Anti-Caspr2 autoimmune encephalitis may be the primary presentation of lung adenocarcinoma.
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spelling pubmed-97282192022-12-08 A Case of Anti-Caspr2 Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated with Adenocarcinoma of the Lung Barbosa, Fábio Pé D’Arca Vara-Luiz, Francisco Albuquerque, Ana Marques, Ana Valada Spencer, Vanda Eur J Case Rep Intern Med Articles Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is an inflammatory brain condition with multiple aetiologies but is mainly associated with paraneoplastic syndromes. Several antibodies described in AIE are being investigated in relation to different cancers, including antibodies against Contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Caspr2), which have been associated with thymoma but very rarely with lung cancer. The authors present the case of a 72-year-old man with cardiovascular risk factors, who presented with a 3-week history of left hemichorea following a first unprovoked seizure the week before, with no other signs or symptoms. The patient was submitted to extensive aetiological investigation, testing positive for anti-Caspr2 antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. AIE was diagnosed after other possible causes had been excluded. A PET scan showed signs of abnormal metabolism, with a lung biopsy confirming lung adenocarcinoma. This case highlights a very rare association and the importance of a thorough aetiological investigation for neurological complaints. LEARNING POINTS: Neurological complaints require a thorough aetiological investigation, and positive findings on imaging studies must be carefully examined. Anti-Caspr2 antibodies are classically associated with Morvan syndrome, but other neurological presentations must also be considered. Anti-Caspr2 autoimmune encephalitis may be the primary presentation of lung adenocarcinoma. SMC Media Srl 2022-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9728219/ /pubmed/36506746 http://dx.doi.org/10.12890/2022_003544 Text en © EFIM 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This article is licensed under a Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
spellingShingle Articles
Barbosa, Fábio Pé D’Arca
Vara-Luiz, Francisco
Albuquerque, Ana
Marques, Ana Valada
Spencer, Vanda
A Case of Anti-Caspr2 Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated with Adenocarcinoma of the Lung
title A Case of Anti-Caspr2 Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated with Adenocarcinoma of the Lung
title_full A Case of Anti-Caspr2 Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated with Adenocarcinoma of the Lung
title_fullStr A Case of Anti-Caspr2 Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated with Adenocarcinoma of the Lung
title_full_unstemmed A Case of Anti-Caspr2 Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated with Adenocarcinoma of the Lung
title_short A Case of Anti-Caspr2 Autoimmune Encephalitis Associated with Adenocarcinoma of the Lung
title_sort case of anti-caspr2 autoimmune encephalitis associated with adenocarcinoma of the lung
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9728219/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36506746
http://dx.doi.org/10.12890/2022_003544
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