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Splenic Artery Infarct Requiring Surgery: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 Infection

Introduction. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked to a hypercoagulable state, leading to arterial and venous thrombotic events, of which pulmonary embolism is the most frequent. However, arterial thromboembolisms may also occur as visceral infracts in unusual sites, su...

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Autores principales: Dimitriou, Ioannis, Christodoulou, Nikolaos, Chatzimargaritis, Kleanthis, Kaikis, Aristidis, Kasti, Eirini, Triantos, Georgios
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9729033/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36505726
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3391405
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author Dimitriou, Ioannis
Christodoulou, Nikolaos
Chatzimargaritis, Kleanthis
Kaikis, Aristidis
Kasti, Eirini
Triantos, Georgios
author_facet Dimitriou, Ioannis
Christodoulou, Nikolaos
Chatzimargaritis, Kleanthis
Kaikis, Aristidis
Kasti, Eirini
Triantos, Georgios
author_sort Dimitriou, Ioannis
collection PubMed
description Introduction. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked to a hypercoagulable state, leading to arterial and venous thrombotic events, of which pulmonary embolism is the most frequent. However, arterial thromboembolisms may also occur as visceral infracts in unusual sites, such as the renal, splenic, and intestinal arteries. Case Report. A 46-year-old unvaccinated male with a COVID-19 infection was admitted to the COVID-19 isolation ward with symptoms of respiratory infection. He complained of epigastric pain and fever for several days; radiological imaging of the abdomen revealed complete splenic arterial occlusion due to a large infarct. He was treated with low molecular weight heparin (enoxaparin) in therapeutic doses, resulting in minimal improvement. However, the pain worsened, and eventually, a laparotomy and splenectomy were performed. He was hospitalized for another 36 days before he was discharged in good condition. A second surgery was performed to remove a noninfected encapsulated hematoma from the subdiaphragmatic space. The patient remained healthy afterward, with no relapses. Discussion. Although rare, the number of cases of visceral infarcts in COVID-19 patients has increased. Splenic artery infarct is an exceptional case of acute abdominal pain that can be treated successfully with anticoagulant medication. Splenectomy may be required to manage refractory pain after failure of conservative management.
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spelling pubmed-97290332022-12-08 Splenic Artery Infarct Requiring Surgery: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 Infection Dimitriou, Ioannis Christodoulou, Nikolaos Chatzimargaritis, Kleanthis Kaikis, Aristidis Kasti, Eirini Triantos, Georgios Case Rep Surg Case Report Introduction. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked to a hypercoagulable state, leading to arterial and venous thrombotic events, of which pulmonary embolism is the most frequent. However, arterial thromboembolisms may also occur as visceral infracts in unusual sites, such as the renal, splenic, and intestinal arteries. Case Report. A 46-year-old unvaccinated male with a COVID-19 infection was admitted to the COVID-19 isolation ward with symptoms of respiratory infection. He complained of epigastric pain and fever for several days; radiological imaging of the abdomen revealed complete splenic arterial occlusion due to a large infarct. He was treated with low molecular weight heparin (enoxaparin) in therapeutic doses, resulting in minimal improvement. However, the pain worsened, and eventually, a laparotomy and splenectomy were performed. He was hospitalized for another 36 days before he was discharged in good condition. A second surgery was performed to remove a noninfected encapsulated hematoma from the subdiaphragmatic space. The patient remained healthy afterward, with no relapses. Discussion. Although rare, the number of cases of visceral infarcts in COVID-19 patients has increased. Splenic artery infarct is an exceptional case of acute abdominal pain that can be treated successfully with anticoagulant medication. Splenectomy may be required to manage refractory pain after failure of conservative management. Hindawi 2022-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9729033/ /pubmed/36505726 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3391405 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ioannis Dimitriou et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Case Report
Dimitriou, Ioannis
Christodoulou, Nikolaos
Chatzimargaritis, Kleanthis
Kaikis, Aristidis
Kasti, Eirini
Triantos, Georgios
Splenic Artery Infarct Requiring Surgery: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 Infection
title Splenic Artery Infarct Requiring Surgery: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 Infection
title_full Splenic Artery Infarct Requiring Surgery: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 Infection
title_fullStr Splenic Artery Infarct Requiring Surgery: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 Infection
title_full_unstemmed Splenic Artery Infarct Requiring Surgery: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 Infection
title_short Splenic Artery Infarct Requiring Surgery: A Rare Complication of COVID-19 Infection
title_sort splenic artery infarct requiring surgery: a rare complication of covid-19 infection
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9729033/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36505726
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3391405
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