Cargando…

A cool climate perspective on grapevine breeding: climate change and sustainability are driving forces for changing varieties in a traditional market

A multitude of diverse breeding goals need to be combined in a new cultivar, which always forces to compromise. The biggest challenge grapevine breeders face is the extraordinarily complex trait of wine quality, which is the all-pervasive and most debated characteristic. Since the 1920s, Germany run...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Töpfer, Reinhard, Trapp, Oliver
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9729149/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35389053
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-022-04077-0
_version_ 1784845422223687680
author Töpfer, Reinhard
Trapp, Oliver
author_facet Töpfer, Reinhard
Trapp, Oliver
author_sort Töpfer, Reinhard
collection PubMed
description A multitude of diverse breeding goals need to be combined in a new cultivar, which always forces to compromise. The biggest challenge grapevine breeders face is the extraordinarily complex trait of wine quality, which is the all-pervasive and most debated characteristic. Since the 1920s, Germany runs continuous grapevine breeding programmes. This continuity was the key to success and lead to various new cultivars on the market, so called PIWIs. Initially, introduced pests and diseases such as phylloxera, powdery and downy mildew were the driving forces for breeding. However, preconceptions about the wine quality of new resistant selections impeded the market introduction. These preconceptions are still echoing today and may be the reason in large parts of the viticultural community for: (1) ignoring substantial breeding progress, and (2) sticking to successful markets of well-known varietal wines or blends (e.g. Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling). New is the need to improve viticulture´s sustainability and to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Climate change with its extreme weather will impose the need for a change in cultivars in many wine growing regions. Therefore, a paradigm shift is knocking on the door: new varieties (PIWIs) versus traditional varieties for climate adapted and sustainable viticulture. However, it will be slow process and viticulture is politically well advised to pave the way to variety innovation. In contrast to the widely available PIWIs, competitive cultivars created by means of new breeding technologies (NBT, e.g. through CRISPR/Cas) are still decades from introduction to the market. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00122-022-04077-0.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9729149
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-97291492022-12-09 A cool climate perspective on grapevine breeding: climate change and sustainability are driving forces for changing varieties in a traditional market Töpfer, Reinhard Trapp, Oliver Theor Appl Genet Review A multitude of diverse breeding goals need to be combined in a new cultivar, which always forces to compromise. The biggest challenge grapevine breeders face is the extraordinarily complex trait of wine quality, which is the all-pervasive and most debated characteristic. Since the 1920s, Germany runs continuous grapevine breeding programmes. This continuity was the key to success and lead to various new cultivars on the market, so called PIWIs. Initially, introduced pests and diseases such as phylloxera, powdery and downy mildew were the driving forces for breeding. However, preconceptions about the wine quality of new resistant selections impeded the market introduction. These preconceptions are still echoing today and may be the reason in large parts of the viticultural community for: (1) ignoring substantial breeding progress, and (2) sticking to successful markets of well-known varietal wines or blends (e.g. Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling). New is the need to improve viticulture´s sustainability and to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Climate change with its extreme weather will impose the need for a change in cultivars in many wine growing regions. Therefore, a paradigm shift is knocking on the door: new varieties (PIWIs) versus traditional varieties for climate adapted and sustainable viticulture. However, it will be slow process and viticulture is politically well advised to pave the way to variety innovation. In contrast to the widely available PIWIs, competitive cultivars created by means of new breeding technologies (NBT, e.g. through CRISPR/Cas) are still decades from introduction to the market. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00122-022-04077-0. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-04-07 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9729149/ /pubmed/35389053 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-022-04077-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review
Töpfer, Reinhard
Trapp, Oliver
A cool climate perspective on grapevine breeding: climate change and sustainability are driving forces for changing varieties in a traditional market
title A cool climate perspective on grapevine breeding: climate change and sustainability are driving forces for changing varieties in a traditional market
title_full A cool climate perspective on grapevine breeding: climate change and sustainability are driving forces for changing varieties in a traditional market
title_fullStr A cool climate perspective on grapevine breeding: climate change and sustainability are driving forces for changing varieties in a traditional market
title_full_unstemmed A cool climate perspective on grapevine breeding: climate change and sustainability are driving forces for changing varieties in a traditional market
title_short A cool climate perspective on grapevine breeding: climate change and sustainability are driving forces for changing varieties in a traditional market
title_sort cool climate perspective on grapevine breeding: climate change and sustainability are driving forces for changing varieties in a traditional market
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9729149/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35389053
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-022-04077-0
work_keys_str_mv AT topferreinhard acoolclimateperspectiveongrapevinebreedingclimatechangeandsustainabilityaredrivingforcesforchangingvarietiesinatraditionalmarket
AT trappoliver acoolclimateperspectiveongrapevinebreedingclimatechangeandsustainabilityaredrivingforcesforchangingvarietiesinatraditionalmarket
AT topferreinhard coolclimateperspectiveongrapevinebreedingclimatechangeandsustainabilityaredrivingforcesforchangingvarietiesinatraditionalmarket
AT trappoliver coolclimateperspectiveongrapevinebreedingclimatechangeandsustainabilityaredrivingforcesforchangingvarietiesinatraditionalmarket