Cargando…

Optimal diagnostic fever thresholds using non-contact infrared thermometers under COVID-19

Fever screening is an effective method to detect infectors associated with different variants of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on the fact that most infectors with COVID-19 have fever symptoms. Non-contact infrared thermometers (NCITs) are widely used in fever screening. Nevertheless, au...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lai, Fan, Li, Xin, Liu, Tianjiao, Wang, Xin, Wang, Qi, Chen, Shan, Wei, Sumei, Xiong, Ying, Hou, Qiannan, Zeng, Xiaoyan, Yang, Yang, Li, Yalan, Lin, Yonghong, Yang, Xiao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9730337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36504995
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.985553
_version_ 1784845646013923328
author Lai, Fan
Li, Xin
Liu, Tianjiao
Wang, Xin
Wang, Qi
Chen, Shan
Wei, Sumei
Xiong, Ying
Hou, Qiannan
Zeng, Xiaoyan
Yang, Yang
Li, Yalan
Lin, Yonghong
Yang, Xiao
author_facet Lai, Fan
Li, Xin
Liu, Tianjiao
Wang, Xin
Wang, Qi
Chen, Shan
Wei, Sumei
Xiong, Ying
Hou, Qiannan
Zeng, Xiaoyan
Yang, Yang
Li, Yalan
Lin, Yonghong
Yang, Xiao
author_sort Lai, Fan
collection PubMed
description Fever screening is an effective method to detect infectors associated with different variants of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on the fact that most infectors with COVID-19 have fever symptoms. Non-contact infrared thermometers (NCITs) are widely used in fever screening. Nevertheless, authoritative data is lacking in defining “fever” at different body surface sites when using NCITs. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal diagnostic threshold for fever screening using NICTs at different body surface sites, to improve the accuracy of fever screening and provide theoretical reference for healthcare policy. Participants (n = 1860) who were outpatients or emergency patients at Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital were recruited for this prospective investigation from March 1 to June 30, 2021. NCITs and mercury axillary thermometers were used to measure neck, temple, forehead and wrist temperatures of all participants. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to reflect the accuracy of NCITs. Linear correlation analysis was used to show the effect of age on body temperature. Multilinear regression analysis was used to explore the association between non-febrile participant's covariates and neck temperature. The mean age of participants was 3.45 ± 2.85 years for children and 28.56 ± 7.25 years for adults. In addition 1,304 (70.1%) participants were children (≤12), and 683 (36.7%) were male. The neck temperature exhibited the highest accuracy among the four sites. Further the optimal fever diagnostic thresholds of NCITs at the four body surface measurement sites were neck (36.75 °C, sensitivity: 0.993, specificity: 0.858); temple (36.55 °C, sensitivity: 0.974, specificity: 0.874); forehead (36.45 °C, sensitivity: 0.961, specificity: 0.813); and wrist (36.15 °C, sensitivity: 0.951, specificity: 0.434). Based on the findings of our study, we recommend 36.15, 36.45, 36.55, and 36.75 °C as the diagnostic thresholds of fever at the wrist, forehead, temple and neck, respectively. Among the four surface sites, neck temperature exhibited the highest accuracy.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9730337
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-97303372022-12-09 Optimal diagnostic fever thresholds using non-contact infrared thermometers under COVID-19 Lai, Fan Li, Xin Liu, Tianjiao Wang, Xin Wang, Qi Chen, Shan Wei, Sumei Xiong, Ying Hou, Qiannan Zeng, Xiaoyan Yang, Yang Li, Yalan Lin, Yonghong Yang, Xiao Front Public Health Public Health Fever screening is an effective method to detect infectors associated with different variants of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on the fact that most infectors with COVID-19 have fever symptoms. Non-contact infrared thermometers (NCITs) are widely used in fever screening. Nevertheless, authoritative data is lacking in defining “fever” at different body surface sites when using NCITs. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal diagnostic threshold for fever screening using NICTs at different body surface sites, to improve the accuracy of fever screening and provide theoretical reference for healthcare policy. Participants (n = 1860) who were outpatients or emergency patients at Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital were recruited for this prospective investigation from March 1 to June 30, 2021. NCITs and mercury axillary thermometers were used to measure neck, temple, forehead and wrist temperatures of all participants. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to reflect the accuracy of NCITs. Linear correlation analysis was used to show the effect of age on body temperature. Multilinear regression analysis was used to explore the association between non-febrile participant's covariates and neck temperature. The mean age of participants was 3.45 ± 2.85 years for children and 28.56 ± 7.25 years for adults. In addition 1,304 (70.1%) participants were children (≤12), and 683 (36.7%) were male. The neck temperature exhibited the highest accuracy among the four sites. Further the optimal fever diagnostic thresholds of NCITs at the four body surface measurement sites were neck (36.75 °C, sensitivity: 0.993, specificity: 0.858); temple (36.55 °C, sensitivity: 0.974, specificity: 0.874); forehead (36.45 °C, sensitivity: 0.961, specificity: 0.813); and wrist (36.15 °C, sensitivity: 0.951, specificity: 0.434). Based on the findings of our study, we recommend 36.15, 36.45, 36.55, and 36.75 °C as the diagnostic thresholds of fever at the wrist, forehead, temple and neck, respectively. Among the four surface sites, neck temperature exhibited the highest accuracy. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9730337/ /pubmed/36504995 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.985553 Text en Copyright © 2022 Lai, Li, Liu, Wang, Wang, Chen, Wei, Xiong, Hou, Zeng, Yang, Li, Lin and Yang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Lai, Fan
Li, Xin
Liu, Tianjiao
Wang, Xin
Wang, Qi
Chen, Shan
Wei, Sumei
Xiong, Ying
Hou, Qiannan
Zeng, Xiaoyan
Yang, Yang
Li, Yalan
Lin, Yonghong
Yang, Xiao
Optimal diagnostic fever thresholds using non-contact infrared thermometers under COVID-19
title Optimal diagnostic fever thresholds using non-contact infrared thermometers under COVID-19
title_full Optimal diagnostic fever thresholds using non-contact infrared thermometers under COVID-19
title_fullStr Optimal diagnostic fever thresholds using non-contact infrared thermometers under COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed Optimal diagnostic fever thresholds using non-contact infrared thermometers under COVID-19
title_short Optimal diagnostic fever thresholds using non-contact infrared thermometers under COVID-19
title_sort optimal diagnostic fever thresholds using non-contact infrared thermometers under covid-19
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9730337/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36504995
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.985553
work_keys_str_mv AT laifan optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT lixin optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT liutianjiao optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT wangxin optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT wangqi optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT chenshan optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT weisumei optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT xiongying optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT houqiannan optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT zengxiaoyan optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT yangyang optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT liyalan optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT linyonghong optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19
AT yangxiao optimaldiagnosticfeverthresholdsusingnoncontactinfraredthermometersundercovid19