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Healthy aging and chronic kidney disease

The world population is aging and the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) will increase significantly. With advances in medical treatment and public health, the human lifespan continues to outpace the health span and the last decade of life is generally spent...

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Autores principales: Merchant, Reshma Aziz, Vathsala, Anantharaman
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Society of Nephrology 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9731776/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36328991
http://dx.doi.org/10.23876/j.krcp.22.112
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author Merchant, Reshma Aziz
Vathsala, Anantharaman
author_facet Merchant, Reshma Aziz
Vathsala, Anantharaman
author_sort Merchant, Reshma Aziz
collection PubMed
description The world population is aging and the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) will increase significantly. With advances in medical treatment and public health, the human lifespan continues to outpace the health span and the last decade of life is generally spent in poor health. In 2015, the World Health Organization defined healthy aging as ‘the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age.’ CKD is increasingly being recognized as a model of accelerated aging and is associated with physical performance decline, cognitive decline, falls and fractures, poor quality of life, loss of appetite, and inflammation. Frailty and dementia are the final pathways and key determinants of disability and mortality independent of underlying disease. CKD, dementia, and frailty share a triangular relationship with synergistic actions and have common risk factors wherein CKD accelerates frailty and dementia through mechanisms such as uremic toxicity, metabolic acidosis and derangements, anorexia and malnutrition, dialysis-related hemodynamic instability, and sleep disturbance. Frailty accelerates glomerular filtration decline as well as dialysis induction in CKD and more than doubles the mortality risk. Anorexia is one of the major causes of protein-energy malnutrition, which is also prevalent in the aging population and warrants screening. Healthcare systems across the world need to have a system in place for the prevention of CKD amongst high-risk older adults, focusing on screening for poor prognostic factors amongst patients with CKD such as frailty, poor appetite, and cognitive impairment and providing necessary person-centered interventions to reverse underlying factors that may contribute to poor outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-97317762022-12-16 Healthy aging and chronic kidney disease Merchant, Reshma Aziz Vathsala, Anantharaman Kidney Res Clin Pract Review Article The world population is aging and the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) will increase significantly. With advances in medical treatment and public health, the human lifespan continues to outpace the health span and the last decade of life is generally spent in poor health. In 2015, the World Health Organization defined healthy aging as ‘the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age.’ CKD is increasingly being recognized as a model of accelerated aging and is associated with physical performance decline, cognitive decline, falls and fractures, poor quality of life, loss of appetite, and inflammation. Frailty and dementia are the final pathways and key determinants of disability and mortality independent of underlying disease. CKD, dementia, and frailty share a triangular relationship with synergistic actions and have common risk factors wherein CKD accelerates frailty and dementia through mechanisms such as uremic toxicity, metabolic acidosis and derangements, anorexia and malnutrition, dialysis-related hemodynamic instability, and sleep disturbance. Frailty accelerates glomerular filtration decline as well as dialysis induction in CKD and more than doubles the mortality risk. Anorexia is one of the major causes of protein-energy malnutrition, which is also prevalent in the aging population and warrants screening. Healthcare systems across the world need to have a system in place for the prevention of CKD amongst high-risk older adults, focusing on screening for poor prognostic factors amongst patients with CKD such as frailty, poor appetite, and cognitive impairment and providing necessary person-centered interventions to reverse underlying factors that may contribute to poor outcomes. The Korean Society of Nephrology 2022-11 2022-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9731776/ /pubmed/36328991 http://dx.doi.org/10.23876/j.krcp.22.112 Text en Copyright © 2022 The Korean Society of Nephrology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial and No Derivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) ) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution of the material without any modifications, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original works properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Merchant, Reshma Aziz
Vathsala, Anantharaman
Healthy aging and chronic kidney disease
title Healthy aging and chronic kidney disease
title_full Healthy aging and chronic kidney disease
title_fullStr Healthy aging and chronic kidney disease
title_full_unstemmed Healthy aging and chronic kidney disease
title_short Healthy aging and chronic kidney disease
title_sort healthy aging and chronic kidney disease
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9731776/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36328991
http://dx.doi.org/10.23876/j.krcp.22.112
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