Study of banana preservation extension by UVC radiation in precise monitoring LED irradiation cavity

Ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation has been considered a possible option to alleviate the seriousness of black spots on bananas during preservation which help increase economic efficiency. In this study, using 275 nm UVC light-emitting diodes (LEDs), a preliminary cavity with dimensions of 30 × 30 × 30 cm was designed and fabricated to aid in reducing black spots on bananas with the aim of application in the factory conveyor belts. The UVC irradiance distribution was thoroughly monitored for many sections at different box heights in both simulation and measurement, with a dominant range of 6–9 W/m(2) in the middle. Afterward, trials were conducted in vitro and in vivo at different selected UVC doses. The results in vitro revealed that a dose of over 0.36 kJ/m(2) has an excellent effect on inhibiting the colonial germination of fungal Colletotrichum musae, a common species of fungi causing black spot disease on bananas. In vivo conditions, with a short exposure time of around 5 s, the black spots on UVC-irradiated banana peel significantly reduced with minimal sensory damage compared to a control banana via observation after seven days from treatment. Finally, the optimal UVC dose is proposed from 0.030 to 0.045 kJ/m(2) for the one-time treatment when considering the upper surface of the banana. With flexibility advantage and short exposure time, the fabricated cavity (box) promises to bring a lot of application potential to aid banana preservation in factories and households.