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Population perceived eye strain due to digital devices usage during COVID-19 pandemic
PURPOSE: To assess the magnitude severity and determinants of eyestrain and the use of digital devices in a Saudi population during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. METHODS: This web-based survey was conducted in September 2020 and enrolled only Saudi nationals 15 years or older. Data were collected...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Netherlands
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9734945/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36471221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02593-y |
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author | Almalki, Ashwaq M. Alblowi, Mohammed Aldosari, Ayat M. Khandekar, Rajiv Al-Swailem, Samar A. |
author_facet | Almalki, Ashwaq M. Alblowi, Mohammed Aldosari, Ayat M. Khandekar, Rajiv Al-Swailem, Samar A. |
author_sort | Almalki, Ashwaq M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: To assess the magnitude severity and determinants of eyestrain and the use of digital devices in a Saudi population during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. METHODS: This web-based survey was conducted in September 2020 and enrolled only Saudi nationals 15 years or older. Data were collected on demographics, eye strain related symptoms, severity, and the use of optical aids during the COVID-19 lockdown. The frequency and severity of eye strain were calculated. A Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) score was graded as none/mild moderate and severe, based on the sum of 15-eye strain related signs and symptoms. Correlation analysis was performed for determinants of CVS. RESULTS: The study sample was comprised of 2009 individuals with median age of 20 years. Among those who used digital devices for more than 6 h daily, the main reasons for use were work and social purposes among 68.4%, and 61% of respondents, respectively. The prevalence of knowledge on CVS and the ’20-20 rule for using digital devices’ was 9.4% and 6.9, respectively. The most common symptoms of eye strain from digital device usage were headache, burning, itching, tearing, and redness of eyes. Six hours of daily usage of digital devices was positively associated to the grade of eye strain severity during the COVID-19 lockdown (P < 0.05)). CONCLUSION: The Saudi population experienced eye strain during COVID-19 lockdown due to excessive digital devices usage. Longer duration of digital device usage was associated to eye strain. Health care providers should educate the general population on measures to mitigate eye strain due to digital devices. Trial registration ID None applicable. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10792-022-02593-y. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9734945 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer Netherlands |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97349452022-12-12 Population perceived eye strain due to digital devices usage during COVID-19 pandemic Almalki, Ashwaq M. Alblowi, Mohammed Aldosari, Ayat M. Khandekar, Rajiv Al-Swailem, Samar A. Int Ophthalmol Original Paper PURPOSE: To assess the magnitude severity and determinants of eyestrain and the use of digital devices in a Saudi population during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. METHODS: This web-based survey was conducted in September 2020 and enrolled only Saudi nationals 15 years or older. Data were collected on demographics, eye strain related symptoms, severity, and the use of optical aids during the COVID-19 lockdown. The frequency and severity of eye strain were calculated. A Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) score was graded as none/mild moderate and severe, based on the sum of 15-eye strain related signs and symptoms. Correlation analysis was performed for determinants of CVS. RESULTS: The study sample was comprised of 2009 individuals with median age of 20 years. Among those who used digital devices for more than 6 h daily, the main reasons for use were work and social purposes among 68.4%, and 61% of respondents, respectively. The prevalence of knowledge on CVS and the ’20-20 rule for using digital devices’ was 9.4% and 6.9, respectively. The most common symptoms of eye strain from digital device usage were headache, burning, itching, tearing, and redness of eyes. Six hours of daily usage of digital devices was positively associated to the grade of eye strain severity during the COVID-19 lockdown (P < 0.05)). CONCLUSION: The Saudi population experienced eye strain during COVID-19 lockdown due to excessive digital devices usage. Longer duration of digital device usage was associated to eye strain. Health care providers should educate the general population on measures to mitigate eye strain due to digital devices. Trial registration ID None applicable. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10792-022-02593-y. Springer Netherlands 2022-12-05 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9734945/ /pubmed/36471221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02593-y Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Original Paper Almalki, Ashwaq M. Alblowi, Mohammed Aldosari, Ayat M. Khandekar, Rajiv Al-Swailem, Samar A. Population perceived eye strain due to digital devices usage during COVID-19 pandemic |
title | Population perceived eye strain due to digital devices usage during COVID-19 pandemic |
title_full | Population perceived eye strain due to digital devices usage during COVID-19 pandemic |
title_fullStr | Population perceived eye strain due to digital devices usage during COVID-19 pandemic |
title_full_unstemmed | Population perceived eye strain due to digital devices usage during COVID-19 pandemic |
title_short | Population perceived eye strain due to digital devices usage during COVID-19 pandemic |
title_sort | population perceived eye strain due to digital devices usage during covid-19 pandemic |
topic | Original Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9734945/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36471221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02593-y |
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