A Review of the Influence of Copper Slag on the Properties of Cement-Based Materials

Global copper slag (CS) emissions reached 57.2 million tons in 2021. Despite the increasing reuse of CS, the treatment of CS is still dominated by landfill so far, which not only occupies land resources but also causes damage to the environment. The application of CS to cement-based materials (CBMs) is one of the main approaches to its comprehensive utilization and has important economic and social implications. This article reviews the physicochemical properties, activity excitation, and heavy metal leaching properties of CS and summarizes the effect of CS on the working properties, mechanical properties, and durability of CBMs. At the end of the article, the existing problems in the research are analyzed, and the development trend is proposed, which provides technical guidance and reference for further research and application of CS in CBMs in the future.