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Ex Vivo Evaluation of Ethosomes and Transethosomes Applied on Human Skin: A Comparative Study
In this study, the transdermal fate of vesicular nanosystems was investigated. Particularly, ethosomes based on phosphatidylcholine 0.9% w/w and transethosomes based on phosphatidylcholine 0.9 or 2.7% w/w plus polysorbate 80 0.3% w/w as an edge activator were prepared and characterized. The vesicle...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9736248/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36499432 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315112 |
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author | Esposito, Elisabetta Calderan, Laura Galvan, Andrea Cappellozza, Enrica Drechsler, Markus Mariani, Paolo Pepe, Alessia Sguizzato, Maddalena Vigato, Enrico Dalla Pozza, Edoardo Malatesta, Manuela |
author_facet | Esposito, Elisabetta Calderan, Laura Galvan, Andrea Cappellozza, Enrica Drechsler, Markus Mariani, Paolo Pepe, Alessia Sguizzato, Maddalena Vigato, Enrico Dalla Pozza, Edoardo Malatesta, Manuela |
author_sort | Esposito, Elisabetta |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, the transdermal fate of vesicular nanosystems was investigated. Particularly, ethosomes based on phosphatidylcholine 0.9% w/w and transethosomes based on phosphatidylcholine 0.9 or 2.7% w/w plus polysorbate 80 0.3% w/w as an edge activator were prepared and characterized. The vesicle mean size, morphology and deformability were influenced by both phosphatidylcholine and polysorbate 80. Indeed, the mean diameters of ethosome were around 200 nm, while transethosome’s mean diameters were 146 or 350 nm in the case of phosphatidylcholine 0.9 or 2.7%, w/w, respectively. The highest deformability was achieved by transethosomes based on phosphatidylcholine 0.9%, w/w. The three types of vesicular nanosystems were applied on explanted human skin maintained in a bioreactor. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that all vesicles were able to enter the skin, keeping their structural integrity. Notably, the vesicle penetration capability was influenced by their physical-chemical features. Indeed, ethosomes reached keratinocytes and even the dermis, phosphatidylcholine 0.9% transethosomes were found in keratinocytes and phosphatidylcholine 2.7% transethosomes were found only in corneocytes of the outer layer. These findings open interesting perspectives for a differentiated application of these vesicles for transdermal drug delivery as a function of the cutaneous pathology to be addressed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9736248 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97362482022-12-11 Ex Vivo Evaluation of Ethosomes and Transethosomes Applied on Human Skin: A Comparative Study Esposito, Elisabetta Calderan, Laura Galvan, Andrea Cappellozza, Enrica Drechsler, Markus Mariani, Paolo Pepe, Alessia Sguizzato, Maddalena Vigato, Enrico Dalla Pozza, Edoardo Malatesta, Manuela Int J Mol Sci Article In this study, the transdermal fate of vesicular nanosystems was investigated. Particularly, ethosomes based on phosphatidylcholine 0.9% w/w and transethosomes based on phosphatidylcholine 0.9 or 2.7% w/w plus polysorbate 80 0.3% w/w as an edge activator were prepared and characterized. The vesicle mean size, morphology and deformability were influenced by both phosphatidylcholine and polysorbate 80. Indeed, the mean diameters of ethosome were around 200 nm, while transethosome’s mean diameters were 146 or 350 nm in the case of phosphatidylcholine 0.9 or 2.7%, w/w, respectively. The highest deformability was achieved by transethosomes based on phosphatidylcholine 0.9%, w/w. The three types of vesicular nanosystems were applied on explanted human skin maintained in a bioreactor. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that all vesicles were able to enter the skin, keeping their structural integrity. Notably, the vesicle penetration capability was influenced by their physical-chemical features. Indeed, ethosomes reached keratinocytes and even the dermis, phosphatidylcholine 0.9% transethosomes were found in keratinocytes and phosphatidylcholine 2.7% transethosomes were found only in corneocytes of the outer layer. These findings open interesting perspectives for a differentiated application of these vesicles for transdermal drug delivery as a function of the cutaneous pathology to be addressed. MDPI 2022-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9736248/ /pubmed/36499432 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315112 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Esposito, Elisabetta Calderan, Laura Galvan, Andrea Cappellozza, Enrica Drechsler, Markus Mariani, Paolo Pepe, Alessia Sguizzato, Maddalena Vigato, Enrico Dalla Pozza, Edoardo Malatesta, Manuela Ex Vivo Evaluation of Ethosomes and Transethosomes Applied on Human Skin: A Comparative Study |
title | Ex Vivo Evaluation of Ethosomes and Transethosomes Applied on Human Skin: A Comparative Study |
title_full | Ex Vivo Evaluation of Ethosomes and Transethosomes Applied on Human Skin: A Comparative Study |
title_fullStr | Ex Vivo Evaluation of Ethosomes and Transethosomes Applied on Human Skin: A Comparative Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Ex Vivo Evaluation of Ethosomes and Transethosomes Applied on Human Skin: A Comparative Study |
title_short | Ex Vivo Evaluation of Ethosomes and Transethosomes Applied on Human Skin: A Comparative Study |
title_sort | ex vivo evaluation of ethosomes and transethosomes applied on human skin: a comparative study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9736248/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36499432 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315112 |
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