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Hypoxia as a Double-Edged Sword to Combat Obesity and Comorbidities
The global epidemic of obesity is tightly associated with numerous comorbidities, such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome. Among the key features of obesity, some studies have suggested the abnormal expansion of adipose-tissue-induced local endogenous hypoxic, wh...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9736735/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36496995 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11233735 |
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author | Wang, Ruwen Sun, Qin Wu, Xianmin Zhang, Yiyin Xing, Xiaorui Lin, Kaiqing Feng, Yue Wang, Mingqi Wang, Yibing Wang, Ru |
author_facet | Wang, Ruwen Sun, Qin Wu, Xianmin Zhang, Yiyin Xing, Xiaorui Lin, Kaiqing Feng, Yue Wang, Mingqi Wang, Yibing Wang, Ru |
author_sort | Wang, Ruwen |
collection | PubMed |
description | The global epidemic of obesity is tightly associated with numerous comorbidities, such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome. Among the key features of obesity, some studies have suggested the abnormal expansion of adipose-tissue-induced local endogenous hypoxic, while other studies indicated endogenous hyperoxia as the opposite trend. Endogenous hypoxic aggravates dysfunction in adipose tissue and stimulates secretion of inflammatory molecules, which contribute to obesity. In contrast, hypoxic exposure combined with training effectively generate exogenous hypoxic to reduce body weight and downregulate metabolic risks. The (patho)physiological effects in adipose tissue are distinct from those of endogenous hypoxic. We critically assess the latest advances on the molecular mediators of endogenous hypoxic that regulate the dysfunction in adipose tissue. Subsequently we propose potential therapeutic targets in adipose tissues and the small molecules that may reverse the detrimental effect of local endogenous hypoxic. More importantly, we discuss alterations of metabolic pathways in adipose tissue and the metabolic benefits brought by hypoxic exercise. In terms of therapeutic intervention, numerous approaches have been developed to treat obesity, nevertheless durability and safety remain the major concern. Thus, a combination of the therapies that suppress endogenous hypoxic with exercise plans that augment exogenous hypoxic may accelerate the development of more effective and durable medications to treat obesity and comorbidities. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9736735 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97367352022-12-11 Hypoxia as a Double-Edged Sword to Combat Obesity and Comorbidities Wang, Ruwen Sun, Qin Wu, Xianmin Zhang, Yiyin Xing, Xiaorui Lin, Kaiqing Feng, Yue Wang, Mingqi Wang, Yibing Wang, Ru Cells Review The global epidemic of obesity is tightly associated with numerous comorbidities, such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome. Among the key features of obesity, some studies have suggested the abnormal expansion of adipose-tissue-induced local endogenous hypoxic, while other studies indicated endogenous hyperoxia as the opposite trend. Endogenous hypoxic aggravates dysfunction in adipose tissue and stimulates secretion of inflammatory molecules, which contribute to obesity. In contrast, hypoxic exposure combined with training effectively generate exogenous hypoxic to reduce body weight and downregulate metabolic risks. The (patho)physiological effects in adipose tissue are distinct from those of endogenous hypoxic. We critically assess the latest advances on the molecular mediators of endogenous hypoxic that regulate the dysfunction in adipose tissue. Subsequently we propose potential therapeutic targets in adipose tissues and the small molecules that may reverse the detrimental effect of local endogenous hypoxic. More importantly, we discuss alterations of metabolic pathways in adipose tissue and the metabolic benefits brought by hypoxic exercise. In terms of therapeutic intervention, numerous approaches have been developed to treat obesity, nevertheless durability and safety remain the major concern. Thus, a combination of the therapies that suppress endogenous hypoxic with exercise plans that augment exogenous hypoxic may accelerate the development of more effective and durable medications to treat obesity and comorbidities. MDPI 2022-11-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9736735/ /pubmed/36496995 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11233735 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Wang, Ruwen Sun, Qin Wu, Xianmin Zhang, Yiyin Xing, Xiaorui Lin, Kaiqing Feng, Yue Wang, Mingqi Wang, Yibing Wang, Ru Hypoxia as a Double-Edged Sword to Combat Obesity and Comorbidities |
title | Hypoxia as a Double-Edged Sword to Combat Obesity and Comorbidities |
title_full | Hypoxia as a Double-Edged Sword to Combat Obesity and Comorbidities |
title_fullStr | Hypoxia as a Double-Edged Sword to Combat Obesity and Comorbidities |
title_full_unstemmed | Hypoxia as a Double-Edged Sword to Combat Obesity and Comorbidities |
title_short | Hypoxia as a Double-Edged Sword to Combat Obesity and Comorbidities |
title_sort | hypoxia as a double-edged sword to combat obesity and comorbidities |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9736735/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36496995 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11233735 |
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