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Development of the Periventricular Nucleus as a Brain Center, Containing Dopaminergic Neurons and Neurons Expressing Individual Enzymes of Dopamine Synthesis
We have recently shown that the periventricular nucleus (PeVN) of adult rats is a “mixed dopaminergic (DAergic) center” containing three thousand neurons: DAergic neurons and those expressing one of the dopamine (DA)-synthesizing enzymes. This study aims to evaluate the development of the PeVN as a...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9736787/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36499006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314682 |
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author | Pronina, Tatiana Pavlova, Ekaterina Dil’mukhametova, Liliya Ugrumov, Michael |
author_facet | Pronina, Tatiana Pavlova, Ekaterina Dil’mukhametova, Liliya Ugrumov, Michael |
author_sort | Pronina, Tatiana |
collection | PubMed |
description | We have recently shown that the periventricular nucleus (PeVN) of adult rats is a “mixed dopaminergic (DAergic) center” containing three thousand neurons: DAergic neurons and those expressing one of the dopamine (DA)-synthesizing enzymes. This study aims to evaluate the development of the PeVN as a mixed DAergic center in rats in the perinatal period, critical for brain morphogenesis. During this period, the PeVN contains DAergic neurons and monoenzymatic neurons expressing individual enzymes of DA synthesis: tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) or aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). In the perinatal period, the total number of such neurons triples, mainly due to monoenzymatic neurons; the content of L-DOPA, the end product of monoenzymatic TH neurons, doubles; and the content of DA, the end product of monoenzymatic AADC neurons and DAergic neurons, increases sixfold. Confocal microscopy has shown that, in the PeVN, all types of neurons and their processes are in close relationships, which suggests their mutual regulation by L-DOPA and DA. In addition, monoenzymatic and DAergic fibers are close to the third cerebral ventricle, located in the subependymal zone, between ependymal cells and in the supraependymal zone. These observations suggest that these fibers deliver L-DOPA and DA to the cerebrospinal fluid, participating in the neuroendocrine regulation of the brain. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9736787 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97367872022-12-11 Development of the Periventricular Nucleus as a Brain Center, Containing Dopaminergic Neurons and Neurons Expressing Individual Enzymes of Dopamine Synthesis Pronina, Tatiana Pavlova, Ekaterina Dil’mukhametova, Liliya Ugrumov, Michael Int J Mol Sci Article We have recently shown that the periventricular nucleus (PeVN) of adult rats is a “mixed dopaminergic (DAergic) center” containing three thousand neurons: DAergic neurons and those expressing one of the dopamine (DA)-synthesizing enzymes. This study aims to evaluate the development of the PeVN as a mixed DAergic center in rats in the perinatal period, critical for brain morphogenesis. During this period, the PeVN contains DAergic neurons and monoenzymatic neurons expressing individual enzymes of DA synthesis: tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) or aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). In the perinatal period, the total number of such neurons triples, mainly due to monoenzymatic neurons; the content of L-DOPA, the end product of monoenzymatic TH neurons, doubles; and the content of DA, the end product of monoenzymatic AADC neurons and DAergic neurons, increases sixfold. Confocal microscopy has shown that, in the PeVN, all types of neurons and their processes are in close relationships, which suggests their mutual regulation by L-DOPA and DA. In addition, monoenzymatic and DAergic fibers are close to the third cerebral ventricle, located in the subependymal zone, between ependymal cells and in the supraependymal zone. These observations suggest that these fibers deliver L-DOPA and DA to the cerebrospinal fluid, participating in the neuroendocrine regulation of the brain. MDPI 2022-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9736787/ /pubmed/36499006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314682 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Pronina, Tatiana Pavlova, Ekaterina Dil’mukhametova, Liliya Ugrumov, Michael Development of the Periventricular Nucleus as a Brain Center, Containing Dopaminergic Neurons and Neurons Expressing Individual Enzymes of Dopamine Synthesis |
title | Development of the Periventricular Nucleus as a Brain Center, Containing Dopaminergic Neurons and Neurons Expressing Individual Enzymes of Dopamine Synthesis |
title_full | Development of the Periventricular Nucleus as a Brain Center, Containing Dopaminergic Neurons and Neurons Expressing Individual Enzymes of Dopamine Synthesis |
title_fullStr | Development of the Periventricular Nucleus as a Brain Center, Containing Dopaminergic Neurons and Neurons Expressing Individual Enzymes of Dopamine Synthesis |
title_full_unstemmed | Development of the Periventricular Nucleus as a Brain Center, Containing Dopaminergic Neurons and Neurons Expressing Individual Enzymes of Dopamine Synthesis |
title_short | Development of the Periventricular Nucleus as a Brain Center, Containing Dopaminergic Neurons and Neurons Expressing Individual Enzymes of Dopamine Synthesis |
title_sort | development of the periventricular nucleus as a brain center, containing dopaminergic neurons and neurons expressing individual enzymes of dopamine synthesis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9736787/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36499006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314682 |
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