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Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty—A Systematic Review of Fixation Constructs and Techniques
Fractures of the acromion and the scapular spine are established complications of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), and when they occur, the continuous strain by the deltoid along the bony fragments makes healing difficult. Evidence on treatment specific outcomes is poor, making the definition of...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9736861/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36498600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237025 |
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author | Cassidy, J. Tristan Paszicsnyek, Alexander Ernstbrunner, Lukas Ek, Eugene T. |
author_facet | Cassidy, J. Tristan Paszicsnyek, Alexander Ernstbrunner, Lukas Ek, Eugene T. |
author_sort | Cassidy, J. Tristan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Fractures of the acromion and the scapular spine are established complications of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), and when they occur, the continuous strain by the deltoid along the bony fragments makes healing difficult. Evidence on treatment specific outcomes is poor, making the definition of a gold standard fixation technique difficult. The purpose of this systematic review is to assess whether any particular fixation construct offers improved clinical and/or radiographic outcomes. A systematic review of the literature on fixation of acromial and scapular spine fractures following RSA was carried out based on the guidelines of PRISMA. The search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, OVID Medline, and CENTRAL databases with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria applied. Methodological quality assessment of each included study was done using the modified Coleman methodology score to asses MQOE. Selection of the studies, data extraction and methodological quality assessment was carried out by two of the authors independently. Only clinical studies reporting on fixation of the aforementioned fractures were considered. Fixation construct, fracture union and time to union, shoulder function and complications were investigated. Nine studies reported on fixation strategies for acromial and scapular spine fractures and were therefore included. The 18 reported results related to fractures in 17 patients; 1 was classified as a Levy Type I fracture, 10 as a Levy Type II fracture and the remaining 7 fractures were defined as Levy Type III. The most frequent fixation construct in type II scapular spine fractures was a single plate (used in 6 of the 10 cases), whereas dual platin was the most used fixation for Levy Type III fractures (5 out of 7). Radiographic union was reported in 15 out of 18 fractures, whereas 1 patient (6.7%) had a confirmed non-union of a Levy Type III scapular spine fracture, requiring revision fixation. There were 5 complications reported, with 2 patients undergoing removal of metal and 1 patient undergoing revision fixation. The Subjective Shoulder Value and Visual Analogue Scale pain score averaged 75% and 2.6 points, respectively. The absolute Constant Score and the ASES score averaged 48.2 and 78.3 points, respectively. With the available data, it is not possible to define a gold standard surgical fixation but it seems that even when fracture union can be achieved, functional outcomes are moderate and there is an increased complication rate. Future studies are required to establish a gold standard fixation technique. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9736861 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97368612022-12-11 Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty—A Systematic Review of Fixation Constructs and Techniques Cassidy, J. Tristan Paszicsnyek, Alexander Ernstbrunner, Lukas Ek, Eugene T. J Clin Med Systematic Review Fractures of the acromion and the scapular spine are established complications of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), and when they occur, the continuous strain by the deltoid along the bony fragments makes healing difficult. Evidence on treatment specific outcomes is poor, making the definition of a gold standard fixation technique difficult. The purpose of this systematic review is to assess whether any particular fixation construct offers improved clinical and/or radiographic outcomes. A systematic review of the literature on fixation of acromial and scapular spine fractures following RSA was carried out based on the guidelines of PRISMA. The search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, OVID Medline, and CENTRAL databases with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria applied. Methodological quality assessment of each included study was done using the modified Coleman methodology score to asses MQOE. Selection of the studies, data extraction and methodological quality assessment was carried out by two of the authors independently. Only clinical studies reporting on fixation of the aforementioned fractures were considered. Fixation construct, fracture union and time to union, shoulder function and complications were investigated. Nine studies reported on fixation strategies for acromial and scapular spine fractures and were therefore included. The 18 reported results related to fractures in 17 patients; 1 was classified as a Levy Type I fracture, 10 as a Levy Type II fracture and the remaining 7 fractures were defined as Levy Type III. The most frequent fixation construct in type II scapular spine fractures was a single plate (used in 6 of the 10 cases), whereas dual platin was the most used fixation for Levy Type III fractures (5 out of 7). Radiographic union was reported in 15 out of 18 fractures, whereas 1 patient (6.7%) had a confirmed non-union of a Levy Type III scapular spine fracture, requiring revision fixation. There were 5 complications reported, with 2 patients undergoing removal of metal and 1 patient undergoing revision fixation. The Subjective Shoulder Value and Visual Analogue Scale pain score averaged 75% and 2.6 points, respectively. The absolute Constant Score and the ASES score averaged 48.2 and 78.3 points, respectively. With the available data, it is not possible to define a gold standard surgical fixation but it seems that even when fracture union can be achieved, functional outcomes are moderate and there is an increased complication rate. Future studies are required to establish a gold standard fixation technique. MDPI 2022-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9736861/ /pubmed/36498600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237025 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Systematic Review Cassidy, J. Tristan Paszicsnyek, Alexander Ernstbrunner, Lukas Ek, Eugene T. Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty—A Systematic Review of Fixation Constructs and Techniques |
title | Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty—A Systematic Review of Fixation Constructs and Techniques |
title_full | Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty—A Systematic Review of Fixation Constructs and Techniques |
title_fullStr | Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty—A Systematic Review of Fixation Constructs and Techniques |
title_full_unstemmed | Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty—A Systematic Review of Fixation Constructs and Techniques |
title_short | Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty—A Systematic Review of Fixation Constructs and Techniques |
title_sort | acromial and scapular spine fractures following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty—a systematic review of fixation constructs and techniques |
topic | Systematic Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9736861/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36498600 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237025 |
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