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Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee: State of the Art

Osteonecrosis is a terrible condition that can cause advanced arthritis in a number of joints, including the knee. The three types of osteonecrosis that can affect the knee are secondary, post-arthroscopic, and spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SPONK). Regardless of osteonecrosis classification...

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Autores principales: Serrano, Daniel Veloz, Saseendar, Samundeeswari, Shanmugasundaram, Saseendar, Bidwai, Rohan, Gómez, Diego, D’Ambrosi, Riccardo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9737125/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36498517
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11236943
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author Serrano, Daniel Veloz
Saseendar, Samundeeswari
Shanmugasundaram, Saseendar
Bidwai, Rohan
Gómez, Diego
D’Ambrosi, Riccardo
author_facet Serrano, Daniel Veloz
Saseendar, Samundeeswari
Shanmugasundaram, Saseendar
Bidwai, Rohan
Gómez, Diego
D’Ambrosi, Riccardo
author_sort Serrano, Daniel Veloz
collection PubMed
description Osteonecrosis is a terrible condition that can cause advanced arthritis in a number of joints, including the knee. The three types of osteonecrosis that can affect the knee are secondary, post-arthroscopic, and spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SPONK). Regardless of osteonecrosis classification, treatment for this condition seeks to prevent further development or postpone the onset of knee end-stage arthritis. Joint arthroplasty is the best course of action whenever there is significant joint surface collapse or there are signs of degenerative arthritis. The non-operative options for treatment at the moment include observation, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), protective weight bearing, and analgesia if needed. Depending on the severity and type of the condition, operational procedures may include unilateral knee arthroplasty (UKA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA), or joint preservation surgery. Joint preservation techniques, such as arthroscopy, core decompression, osteochondral autograft, and bone grafting, are frequently used in precollapse and some postcollapse lesions, when the articular cartilage is typically unaffected and only the underlying subchondral bone is affected. In contrast, operations that try to save the joint following significant subchondral collapse are rarely successful and joint replacement is required to ease discomfort. This article’s goal is to summarise the most recent research on evaluations, clinical examinations, imaging and various therapeutic strategies for osteonecrosis of the knee, including lesion surveillance, medicines, joint preservation methods, and total joint arthroplasty.
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spelling pubmed-97371252022-12-11 Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee: State of the Art Serrano, Daniel Veloz Saseendar, Samundeeswari Shanmugasundaram, Saseendar Bidwai, Rohan Gómez, Diego D’Ambrosi, Riccardo J Clin Med Review Osteonecrosis is a terrible condition that can cause advanced arthritis in a number of joints, including the knee. The three types of osteonecrosis that can affect the knee are secondary, post-arthroscopic, and spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SPONK). Regardless of osteonecrosis classification, treatment for this condition seeks to prevent further development or postpone the onset of knee end-stage arthritis. Joint arthroplasty is the best course of action whenever there is significant joint surface collapse or there are signs of degenerative arthritis. The non-operative options for treatment at the moment include observation, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), protective weight bearing, and analgesia if needed. Depending on the severity and type of the condition, operational procedures may include unilateral knee arthroplasty (UKA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA), or joint preservation surgery. Joint preservation techniques, such as arthroscopy, core decompression, osteochondral autograft, and bone grafting, are frequently used in precollapse and some postcollapse lesions, when the articular cartilage is typically unaffected and only the underlying subchondral bone is affected. In contrast, operations that try to save the joint following significant subchondral collapse are rarely successful and joint replacement is required to ease discomfort. This article’s goal is to summarise the most recent research on evaluations, clinical examinations, imaging and various therapeutic strategies for osteonecrosis of the knee, including lesion surveillance, medicines, joint preservation methods, and total joint arthroplasty. MDPI 2022-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9737125/ /pubmed/36498517 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11236943 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Serrano, Daniel Veloz
Saseendar, Samundeeswari
Shanmugasundaram, Saseendar
Bidwai, Rohan
Gómez, Diego
D’Ambrosi, Riccardo
Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee: State of the Art
title Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee: State of the Art
title_full Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee: State of the Art
title_fullStr Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee: State of the Art
title_full_unstemmed Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee: State of the Art
title_short Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee: State of the Art
title_sort spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee: state of the art
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9737125/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36498517
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11236943
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