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The Italian Wall Lizard Podarcis siculus as a Biological Model for Research in Male Reproductive Toxicology

Spermatogenesis is a genetically driven differentiation process that occurs in the testis and leads to the formation of spermatozoa. This process is extensively studied in several experimental models, particularly in vertebrates that share the morphological structure and functionality of the mammali...

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Autores principales: Rosati, Luigi, Chianese, Teresa, Simoniello, Palma, Motta, Chiara Maria, Scudiero, Rosaria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9737876/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36499547
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315220
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author Rosati, Luigi
Chianese, Teresa
Simoniello, Palma
Motta, Chiara Maria
Scudiero, Rosaria
author_facet Rosati, Luigi
Chianese, Teresa
Simoniello, Palma
Motta, Chiara Maria
Scudiero, Rosaria
author_sort Rosati, Luigi
collection PubMed
description Spermatogenesis is a genetically driven differentiation process that occurs in the testis and leads to the formation of spermatozoa. This process is extensively studied in several experimental models, particularly in vertebrates that share the morphological structure and functionality of the mammalian testis. Although reptiles are not generally considered biological models, the lizard Podarcis siculus has represented a suitable organism for the study of spermatogenesis over the years. In this lizard, the process of spermatogenesis is regulated by the interaction between systemic factors such as gonadotropins and local factors, i.e., molecules produced by the somatic and germinal cells of the testis. Many exogenous substances are able to alter the production of these regulative factors, thus altering the course of spermatogenesis, and P. siculus has proven to be an excellent model for studying the effects of various endogenous or exogenous substances on mechanisms underlying spermatogenesis. This review summarizes the available data on the effects of different substances on the control of spermatogenesis, highlighting the induced morphological and molecular alterations. Overall, the data show that sex hormone levels as well as the final stages of spermatogenesis are most affected by an imbalance of endogenous compounds or contamination by environmental pollutants. This is helpful for the male individual, since the damage, not affecting the spermatogonial stem cells, can be considered transient and not irreversible.
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spelling pubmed-97378762022-12-11 The Italian Wall Lizard Podarcis siculus as a Biological Model for Research in Male Reproductive Toxicology Rosati, Luigi Chianese, Teresa Simoniello, Palma Motta, Chiara Maria Scudiero, Rosaria Int J Mol Sci Review Spermatogenesis is a genetically driven differentiation process that occurs in the testis and leads to the formation of spermatozoa. This process is extensively studied in several experimental models, particularly in vertebrates that share the morphological structure and functionality of the mammalian testis. Although reptiles are not generally considered biological models, the lizard Podarcis siculus has represented a suitable organism for the study of spermatogenesis over the years. In this lizard, the process of spermatogenesis is regulated by the interaction between systemic factors such as gonadotropins and local factors, i.e., molecules produced by the somatic and germinal cells of the testis. Many exogenous substances are able to alter the production of these regulative factors, thus altering the course of spermatogenesis, and P. siculus has proven to be an excellent model for studying the effects of various endogenous or exogenous substances on mechanisms underlying spermatogenesis. This review summarizes the available data on the effects of different substances on the control of spermatogenesis, highlighting the induced morphological and molecular alterations. Overall, the data show that sex hormone levels as well as the final stages of spermatogenesis are most affected by an imbalance of endogenous compounds or contamination by environmental pollutants. This is helpful for the male individual, since the damage, not affecting the spermatogonial stem cells, can be considered transient and not irreversible. MDPI 2022-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9737876/ /pubmed/36499547 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315220 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Rosati, Luigi
Chianese, Teresa
Simoniello, Palma
Motta, Chiara Maria
Scudiero, Rosaria
The Italian Wall Lizard Podarcis siculus as a Biological Model for Research in Male Reproductive Toxicology
title The Italian Wall Lizard Podarcis siculus as a Biological Model for Research in Male Reproductive Toxicology
title_full The Italian Wall Lizard Podarcis siculus as a Biological Model for Research in Male Reproductive Toxicology
title_fullStr The Italian Wall Lizard Podarcis siculus as a Biological Model for Research in Male Reproductive Toxicology
title_full_unstemmed The Italian Wall Lizard Podarcis siculus as a Biological Model for Research in Male Reproductive Toxicology
title_short The Italian Wall Lizard Podarcis siculus as a Biological Model for Research in Male Reproductive Toxicology
title_sort italian wall lizard podarcis siculus as a biological model for research in male reproductive toxicology
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9737876/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36499547
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315220
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