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The Relationship of Temperament and Character, Parental Stress, and Mental Health Problems with Attachment Disorders among Children
According to Cloninger’s model, personality is conceptualized in temperament and character traits contributing to a child’s psychosocial development. Additionally, parent–child interaction is important for the child’s socio-emotional development. To date, the relationship between attachment and temp...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9737910/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36497530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315458 |
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author | Schröder, Martin Seker, Süheyla d’Huart, Delfine Izat, Yonca Bolten, Margarete Schmeck, Klaus Schmid, Marc |
author_facet | Schröder, Martin Seker, Süheyla d’Huart, Delfine Izat, Yonca Bolten, Margarete Schmeck, Klaus Schmid, Marc |
author_sort | Schröder, Martin |
collection | PubMed |
description | According to Cloninger’s model, personality is conceptualized in temperament and character traits contributing to a child’s psychosocial development. Additionally, parent–child interaction is important for the child’s socio-emotional development. To date, the relationship between attachment and temperament and character for child mental health development and its effects on parents remains mostly unclear. The aim of the present study was thus to examine the relationship of attachment, temperament and character, parental stress, and mental health problems among 125 children (mean age = 7.14 years) in Switzerland. Temperament and character, attachment disorder (symptoms), parental stress, and mental health problems were assessed with psychometric questionnaires; attachment was assessed with an additional observational measure. Descriptive characters of the sample were presented, and group differences and correlations were computed. For temperament traits, results revealed significant group differences for novelty seeking and persistence and attachment disorder types. For character traits, the findings showed significant group differences for self-directedness and cooperativeness and attachment disorder types. Moderate effect sizes for groups differences were found. Further, the mixed-type (inhibited and disinhibited) and inhibited attachment disorder type were the most burdened groups. The present findings suggest that temperament and character traits, as well as parental stress and mental health problems are associated with the occurrence of attachment disorders among children. Future longitudinal studies with larger samples are needed to examine the causal relationships of temperament and character with attachment, including person-related and environmental factors among children. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9737910 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97379102022-12-11 The Relationship of Temperament and Character, Parental Stress, and Mental Health Problems with Attachment Disorders among Children Schröder, Martin Seker, Süheyla d’Huart, Delfine Izat, Yonca Bolten, Margarete Schmeck, Klaus Schmid, Marc Int J Environ Res Public Health Article According to Cloninger’s model, personality is conceptualized in temperament and character traits contributing to a child’s psychosocial development. Additionally, parent–child interaction is important for the child’s socio-emotional development. To date, the relationship between attachment and temperament and character for child mental health development and its effects on parents remains mostly unclear. The aim of the present study was thus to examine the relationship of attachment, temperament and character, parental stress, and mental health problems among 125 children (mean age = 7.14 years) in Switzerland. Temperament and character, attachment disorder (symptoms), parental stress, and mental health problems were assessed with psychometric questionnaires; attachment was assessed with an additional observational measure. Descriptive characters of the sample were presented, and group differences and correlations were computed. For temperament traits, results revealed significant group differences for novelty seeking and persistence and attachment disorder types. For character traits, the findings showed significant group differences for self-directedness and cooperativeness and attachment disorder types. Moderate effect sizes for groups differences were found. Further, the mixed-type (inhibited and disinhibited) and inhibited attachment disorder type were the most burdened groups. The present findings suggest that temperament and character traits, as well as parental stress and mental health problems are associated with the occurrence of attachment disorders among children. Future longitudinal studies with larger samples are needed to examine the causal relationships of temperament and character with attachment, including person-related and environmental factors among children. MDPI 2022-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9737910/ /pubmed/36497530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315458 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Schröder, Martin Seker, Süheyla d’Huart, Delfine Izat, Yonca Bolten, Margarete Schmeck, Klaus Schmid, Marc The Relationship of Temperament and Character, Parental Stress, and Mental Health Problems with Attachment Disorders among Children |
title | The Relationship of Temperament and Character, Parental Stress, and Mental Health Problems with Attachment Disorders among Children |
title_full | The Relationship of Temperament and Character, Parental Stress, and Mental Health Problems with Attachment Disorders among Children |
title_fullStr | The Relationship of Temperament and Character, Parental Stress, and Mental Health Problems with Attachment Disorders among Children |
title_full_unstemmed | The Relationship of Temperament and Character, Parental Stress, and Mental Health Problems with Attachment Disorders among Children |
title_short | The Relationship of Temperament and Character, Parental Stress, and Mental Health Problems with Attachment Disorders among Children |
title_sort | relationship of temperament and character, parental stress, and mental health problems with attachment disorders among children |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9737910/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36497530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315458 |
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