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Anatomy and Biomechanics of Peltate Begonia Leaves—Comparative Case Studies

Plants are exposed to various external stresses influencing physiology, anatomy, and morphology. Shape, geometry, and size of shoots and leaves are particularly affected. Among the latter, peltate leaves are not very common and so far, only few studies focused on their properties. In this case study...

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Autores principales: Rjosk, Annabell, Neinhuis, Christoph, Lautenschläger, Thea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9738572/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36501333
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11233297
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author Rjosk, Annabell
Neinhuis, Christoph
Lautenschläger, Thea
author_facet Rjosk, Annabell
Neinhuis, Christoph
Lautenschläger, Thea
author_sort Rjosk, Annabell
collection PubMed
description Plants are exposed to various external stresses influencing physiology, anatomy, and morphology. Shape, geometry, and size of shoots and leaves are particularly affected. Among the latter, peltate leaves are not very common and so far, only few studies focused on their properties. In this case study, four Begonia species with different leaf shapes and petiole attachment points were analyzed regarding their leaf morphology, anatomy, and biomechanical properties. One to two plants per species were examined. In all four species, the petiole showed differently sized vascular bundles arranged in a peripheral ring and subepidermal collenchyma. These anatomical characteristics, low leaf dry mass, and low amount of lignified tissue in the petiole point toward turgor pressure as crucial for leaf stability. The petiole-lamina transition zone shows a different organization in leaves with a more central (peltate) and lateral petiole insertion. While in non-peltate leaves simple fiber branching is present, peltate leaves show a more complex reticulate fiber arrangement. Tensile and bending tests revealed similar structural Young’s moduli in all species for intercostal areas and venation, but differences in the petiole. The analysis of the leaves highlights the properties of petiole and the petiole-lamina transition zone that are needed to resist external stresses.
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spelling pubmed-97385722022-12-11 Anatomy and Biomechanics of Peltate Begonia Leaves—Comparative Case Studies Rjosk, Annabell Neinhuis, Christoph Lautenschläger, Thea Plants (Basel) Article Plants are exposed to various external stresses influencing physiology, anatomy, and morphology. Shape, geometry, and size of shoots and leaves are particularly affected. Among the latter, peltate leaves are not very common and so far, only few studies focused on their properties. In this case study, four Begonia species with different leaf shapes and petiole attachment points were analyzed regarding their leaf morphology, anatomy, and biomechanical properties. One to two plants per species were examined. In all four species, the petiole showed differently sized vascular bundles arranged in a peripheral ring and subepidermal collenchyma. These anatomical characteristics, low leaf dry mass, and low amount of lignified tissue in the petiole point toward turgor pressure as crucial for leaf stability. The petiole-lamina transition zone shows a different organization in leaves with a more central (peltate) and lateral petiole insertion. While in non-peltate leaves simple fiber branching is present, peltate leaves show a more complex reticulate fiber arrangement. Tensile and bending tests revealed similar structural Young’s moduli in all species for intercostal areas and venation, but differences in the petiole. The analysis of the leaves highlights the properties of petiole and the petiole-lamina transition zone that are needed to resist external stresses. MDPI 2022-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9738572/ /pubmed/36501333 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11233297 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rjosk, Annabell
Neinhuis, Christoph
Lautenschläger, Thea
Anatomy and Biomechanics of Peltate Begonia Leaves—Comparative Case Studies
title Anatomy and Biomechanics of Peltate Begonia Leaves—Comparative Case Studies
title_full Anatomy and Biomechanics of Peltate Begonia Leaves—Comparative Case Studies
title_fullStr Anatomy and Biomechanics of Peltate Begonia Leaves—Comparative Case Studies
title_full_unstemmed Anatomy and Biomechanics of Peltate Begonia Leaves—Comparative Case Studies
title_short Anatomy and Biomechanics of Peltate Begonia Leaves—Comparative Case Studies
title_sort anatomy and biomechanics of peltate begonia leaves—comparative case studies
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9738572/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36501333
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11233297
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