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The Molecular Gut-Brain Axis in Early Brain Development

Millions of nerves, immune factors, and hormones in the circulatory system connect the gut and the brain. In bidirectional communication, the gut microbiota play a crucial role in the gut-brain axis (GBA), wherein microbial metabolites of the gut microbiota regulate intestinal homeostasis, thereby i...

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Autores principales: Muhammad, Fahim, Fan, Bufang, Wang, Ruoxi, Ren, Jiayan, Jia, Shuhui, Wang, Liping, Chen, Zuxin, Liu, Xin-An
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9739658/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36499716
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315389
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author Muhammad, Fahim
Fan, Bufang
Wang, Ruoxi
Ren, Jiayan
Jia, Shuhui
Wang, Liping
Chen, Zuxin
Liu, Xin-An
author_facet Muhammad, Fahim
Fan, Bufang
Wang, Ruoxi
Ren, Jiayan
Jia, Shuhui
Wang, Liping
Chen, Zuxin
Liu, Xin-An
author_sort Muhammad, Fahim
collection PubMed
description Millions of nerves, immune factors, and hormones in the circulatory system connect the gut and the brain. In bidirectional communication, the gut microbiota play a crucial role in the gut-brain axis (GBA), wherein microbial metabolites of the gut microbiota regulate intestinal homeostasis, thereby influencing brain activity. Dynamic changes are observed in gut microbiota as well as during brain development. Altering the gut microbiota could serve as a therapeutic target for treating abnormalities associated with brain development. Neurophysiological development and immune regulatory disorders are affected by changes that occur in gut microbiota composition and function. The molecular aspects relevant to the GBA could help develop targeted therapies for neurodevelopmental diseases. Herein, we review the findings of recent studies on the role of the GBA in its underlying molecular mechanisms in the early stages of brain development. Furthermore, we discuss the bidirectional regulation of gut microbiota from mother to infant and the potential signaling pathways and roles of posttranscriptional modifications in brain functions. Our review summarizes the role of molecular GBA in early brain development and related disorders, providing cues for novel therapeutic targets.
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spelling pubmed-97396582022-12-11 The Molecular Gut-Brain Axis in Early Brain Development Muhammad, Fahim Fan, Bufang Wang, Ruoxi Ren, Jiayan Jia, Shuhui Wang, Liping Chen, Zuxin Liu, Xin-An Int J Mol Sci Review Millions of nerves, immune factors, and hormones in the circulatory system connect the gut and the brain. In bidirectional communication, the gut microbiota play a crucial role in the gut-brain axis (GBA), wherein microbial metabolites of the gut microbiota regulate intestinal homeostasis, thereby influencing brain activity. Dynamic changes are observed in gut microbiota as well as during brain development. Altering the gut microbiota could serve as a therapeutic target for treating abnormalities associated with brain development. Neurophysiological development and immune regulatory disorders are affected by changes that occur in gut microbiota composition and function. The molecular aspects relevant to the GBA could help develop targeted therapies for neurodevelopmental diseases. Herein, we review the findings of recent studies on the role of the GBA in its underlying molecular mechanisms in the early stages of brain development. Furthermore, we discuss the bidirectional regulation of gut microbiota from mother to infant and the potential signaling pathways and roles of posttranscriptional modifications in brain functions. Our review summarizes the role of molecular GBA in early brain development and related disorders, providing cues for novel therapeutic targets. MDPI 2022-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9739658/ /pubmed/36499716 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315389 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Muhammad, Fahim
Fan, Bufang
Wang, Ruoxi
Ren, Jiayan
Jia, Shuhui
Wang, Liping
Chen, Zuxin
Liu, Xin-An
The Molecular Gut-Brain Axis in Early Brain Development
title The Molecular Gut-Brain Axis in Early Brain Development
title_full The Molecular Gut-Brain Axis in Early Brain Development
title_fullStr The Molecular Gut-Brain Axis in Early Brain Development
title_full_unstemmed The Molecular Gut-Brain Axis in Early Brain Development
title_short The Molecular Gut-Brain Axis in Early Brain Development
title_sort molecular gut-brain axis in early brain development
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9739658/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36499716
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315389
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