Antioxidant Potential of Diosmin and Diosmetin against Oxidative Stress in Endothelial Cells

Phlebotropic flavonoids, including diosmin and its aglycone diosmetin, are natural polyphenols widely used in the prevention and treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). As oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system, the study aimed to investigate the protective effects of diosmin and diosmetin on hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells. The cells were pretreated with different concentrations of the flavonoid prior to the H(2)O(2) exposure. The cell viability, the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activity of cellular antioxidant enzymes—including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase GPx—and the malondialdehyde (MDA) level were assessed. It was found that the H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress was ameliorated by diosmin/diosmetin in a concentration-dependent manner. The flavonoids restored the activity of cellular antioxidant enzymes and lowered the MDA level upregulated by the H(2)O(2) exposure. These results indicate that diosmin and diosmetin may prevent oxidative stress in endothelial cells; therefore, they may protect against the development and progression of oxidative-stress-related disorders.