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Unveiling of the epidemiological patterns for caprine/ovine enterovirus infection in China

Caprine/ovine enterovirus (CEV/OEV) infection is an emerging disease and remains largely unknown for its infection distribution, epidemic pattern, and the underlying contribution factors. Here, we report the investigation on CEV/OEV infection pattern and the underlying contribution factors by employ...

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Autores principales: Hu, Junying, Chang, Xiaoran, Wang, Rudu, Zhang, Qun, Zhang, Fan, Zhang, Zhiyuan, Zhang, Fuhui, Qian, Mingzhu, Wang, Xinping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9742414/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36518896
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1025916
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author Hu, Junying
Chang, Xiaoran
Wang, Rudu
Zhang, Qun
Zhang, Fan
Zhang, Zhiyuan
Zhang, Fuhui
Qian, Mingzhu
Wang, Xinping
author_facet Hu, Junying
Chang, Xiaoran
Wang, Rudu
Zhang, Qun
Zhang, Fan
Zhang, Zhiyuan
Zhang, Fuhui
Qian, Mingzhu
Wang, Xinping
author_sort Hu, Junying
collection PubMed
description Caprine/ovine enterovirus (CEV/OEV) infection is an emerging disease and remains largely unknown for its infection distribution, epidemic pattern, and the underlying contribution factors. Here, we report the investigation on CEV/OEV infection pattern and the underlying contribution factors by employing a sandwich ELISA kit for detection of CEV/OEV antigen. Epidemiological investigation revealed a wide range of infection rates of CEV/OEV from 19.80%−39.00% on goat/sheep farms in the major goat/sheep-raising provinces as such Henan, Shandong, Ningxia, Jilin, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, and Xinjiang autonomous region in China. Epidemic patterns and infection rates for CEV/OEV were affected by the breeds, raising mode, regions, and seasons. CEV/OEV infection rates were varied in different regions in China and significantly higher in the diarrheal herds (40.30%) than these in non-diarrheal herds (13.83%). Moreover, infection rate was higher in sheep (24.59%) than that in goats (9.84%), even dramatic difference among different breeds of goat or sheep. Out of different breeds of goat, Boer (20.13%) had the highest infection rate, followed by local breed (5.62%) and Saanen (2.61%). Among these breeds of sheep, higher infection rates were detected in local breed sheep (42.86%) and small-tailed Han sheep (35.91%) than these of Hu sheep (13.41%) and Dorper sheep (16.34%). Furthermore, raising modes were showed to contribute to the infection rate, where higher rates were detected among goats/sheep in captivity (27.10%) than these in free-range (12.27%) and semi-free range (19.24%). Additionally, CEV/OEV infection rate had obvious seasonality, while they increased from year 2015 to 2019. In summary, we investigated the CEV/OEV infection among the goat/sheep herds from different regions in China, revealed the epidemic pattern and the contribution factors to the infection, which provided the epidemiological data for future prevention and control of this emerging infection.
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spelling pubmed-97424142022-12-13 Unveiling of the epidemiological patterns for caprine/ovine enterovirus infection in China Hu, Junying Chang, Xiaoran Wang, Rudu Zhang, Qun Zhang, Fan Zhang, Zhiyuan Zhang, Fuhui Qian, Mingzhu Wang, Xinping Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Caprine/ovine enterovirus (CEV/OEV) infection is an emerging disease and remains largely unknown for its infection distribution, epidemic pattern, and the underlying contribution factors. Here, we report the investigation on CEV/OEV infection pattern and the underlying contribution factors by employing a sandwich ELISA kit for detection of CEV/OEV antigen. Epidemiological investigation revealed a wide range of infection rates of CEV/OEV from 19.80%−39.00% on goat/sheep farms in the major goat/sheep-raising provinces as such Henan, Shandong, Ningxia, Jilin, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, and Xinjiang autonomous region in China. Epidemic patterns and infection rates for CEV/OEV were affected by the breeds, raising mode, regions, and seasons. CEV/OEV infection rates were varied in different regions in China and significantly higher in the diarrheal herds (40.30%) than these in non-diarrheal herds (13.83%). Moreover, infection rate was higher in sheep (24.59%) than that in goats (9.84%), even dramatic difference among different breeds of goat or sheep. Out of different breeds of goat, Boer (20.13%) had the highest infection rate, followed by local breed (5.62%) and Saanen (2.61%). Among these breeds of sheep, higher infection rates were detected in local breed sheep (42.86%) and small-tailed Han sheep (35.91%) than these of Hu sheep (13.41%) and Dorper sheep (16.34%). Furthermore, raising modes were showed to contribute to the infection rate, where higher rates were detected among goats/sheep in captivity (27.10%) than these in free-range (12.27%) and semi-free range (19.24%). Additionally, CEV/OEV infection rate had obvious seasonality, while they increased from year 2015 to 2019. In summary, we investigated the CEV/OEV infection among the goat/sheep herds from different regions in China, revealed the epidemic pattern and the contribution factors to the infection, which provided the epidemiological data for future prevention and control of this emerging infection. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9742414/ /pubmed/36518896 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1025916 Text en Copyright © 2022 Hu, Chang, Wang, Zhang, Zhang, Zhang, Zhang, Qian and Wang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Hu, Junying
Chang, Xiaoran
Wang, Rudu
Zhang, Qun
Zhang, Fan
Zhang, Zhiyuan
Zhang, Fuhui
Qian, Mingzhu
Wang, Xinping
Unveiling of the epidemiological patterns for caprine/ovine enterovirus infection in China
title Unveiling of the epidemiological patterns for caprine/ovine enterovirus infection in China
title_full Unveiling of the epidemiological patterns for caprine/ovine enterovirus infection in China
title_fullStr Unveiling of the epidemiological patterns for caprine/ovine enterovirus infection in China
title_full_unstemmed Unveiling of the epidemiological patterns for caprine/ovine enterovirus infection in China
title_short Unveiling of the epidemiological patterns for caprine/ovine enterovirus infection in China
title_sort unveiling of the epidemiological patterns for caprine/ovine enterovirus infection in china
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9742414/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36518896
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1025916
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