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Association of geriatric nutritional risk index with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population in the NHANES

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is common in the elderly, and malnutrition is considered a major risk factor for osteoporosis. This study investigated the relationship between the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) and osteoporosis based on a large cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrit...

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Autores principales: Huang, Wei, Xiao, Yingqi, Wang, Hongwei, Li, Kaixiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9744963/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36523597
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.965487
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author Huang, Wei
Xiao, Yingqi
Wang, Hongwei
Li, Kaixiang
author_facet Huang, Wei
Xiao, Yingqi
Wang, Hongwei
Li, Kaixiang
author_sort Huang, Wei
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is common in the elderly, and malnutrition is considered a major risk factor for osteoporosis. This study investigated the relationship between the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) and osteoporosis based on a large cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS: We included 7405 older adults from NHANES (2005 to 2018) and divided them into the High-GNRI and Low-GNRI groups based on GNRI levels to compare the prevalence of osteoporosis among the two groups. A multi-factor logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether GNRI was an independent risk factor for osteoporosis. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was computed to investigate the linear relationship between geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and bone mineral density (BMD) T-score. Finally, a generalized additive model (GAM) revealed whether there was a non-linear relationship between GNRI and osteoporosis. RESULTS: The prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in the Low-GNRI group than those in the High-GNRI group (12.2% vs. 8.2%; P = 0.001). Similarly, the femoral neck BMD T-scores (-1.09 ± 1.42 vs. -0.91 ± 1.31; P = 0.003). However, there was no significant difference between Low-GNRI group and High-GNRI group in lumbar BMD T-scores (1.700 ± 1.69 vs 1.85 ± 1.72; P>0.05). The multi-factor logistic regression analysis identified low GNRI as an independent risk factor for osteoporosis (OR: 1.544; 95% CI: 1.179-2.022; P < 0.001). Besides, GNRI showed a positive linear correlation (P < 0.001) with femoral neck BMD T-scores in older adults, with a progressive trend towards higher BMD as GNRI increased. By contrast, there was no linear correlation between GNRI and lumbar BMD T-score (P = 0.978). Lastly, the dose response curve revealed the non-linear negative correlation between GNRI and the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly (non-linear P < 0.001). With the increase of GNRI, the risk of osteoporosis gradually decreased, especially when GNRI was greater than 100, the downward trend was more significant. CONCLUSION: GNRI is an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in the elderly and is negatively and non-linearly associated with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population.
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spelling pubmed-97449632022-12-14 Association of geriatric nutritional risk index with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population in the NHANES Huang, Wei Xiao, Yingqi Wang, Hongwei Li, Kaixiang Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is common in the elderly, and malnutrition is considered a major risk factor for osteoporosis. This study investigated the relationship between the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) and osteoporosis based on a large cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS: We included 7405 older adults from NHANES (2005 to 2018) and divided them into the High-GNRI and Low-GNRI groups based on GNRI levels to compare the prevalence of osteoporosis among the two groups. A multi-factor logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether GNRI was an independent risk factor for osteoporosis. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was computed to investigate the linear relationship between geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and bone mineral density (BMD) T-score. Finally, a generalized additive model (GAM) revealed whether there was a non-linear relationship between GNRI and osteoporosis. RESULTS: The prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in the Low-GNRI group than those in the High-GNRI group (12.2% vs. 8.2%; P = 0.001). Similarly, the femoral neck BMD T-scores (-1.09 ± 1.42 vs. -0.91 ± 1.31; P = 0.003). However, there was no significant difference between Low-GNRI group and High-GNRI group in lumbar BMD T-scores (1.700 ± 1.69 vs 1.85 ± 1.72; P>0.05). The multi-factor logistic regression analysis identified low GNRI as an independent risk factor for osteoporosis (OR: 1.544; 95% CI: 1.179-2.022; P < 0.001). Besides, GNRI showed a positive linear correlation (P < 0.001) with femoral neck BMD T-scores in older adults, with a progressive trend towards higher BMD as GNRI increased. By contrast, there was no linear correlation between GNRI and lumbar BMD T-score (P = 0.978). Lastly, the dose response curve revealed the non-linear negative correlation between GNRI and the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly (non-linear P < 0.001). With the increase of GNRI, the risk of osteoporosis gradually decreased, especially when GNRI was greater than 100, the downward trend was more significant. CONCLUSION: GNRI is an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in the elderly and is negatively and non-linearly associated with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9744963/ /pubmed/36523597 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.965487 Text en Copyright © 2022 Huang, Xiao, Wang and Li https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Huang, Wei
Xiao, Yingqi
Wang, Hongwei
Li, Kaixiang
Association of geriatric nutritional risk index with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population in the NHANES
title Association of geriatric nutritional risk index with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population in the NHANES
title_full Association of geriatric nutritional risk index with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population in the NHANES
title_fullStr Association of geriatric nutritional risk index with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population in the NHANES
title_full_unstemmed Association of geriatric nutritional risk index with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population in the NHANES
title_short Association of geriatric nutritional risk index with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population in the NHANES
title_sort association of geriatric nutritional risk index with the risk of osteoporosis in the elderly population in the nhanes
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9744963/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36523597
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.965487
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