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Case report: Plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells—Analysis of stemness of the neoplastic multinucleated giant cells

Cancer stem cells have the capability of self-renewal and multipotency and are, therefore, associated with tumor heterogeneity, resistance to chemoradiation therapy, and metastasis. The hypothesis that multinucleated giant cells, which often emerge following chemo- and/or radiotherapy, serve as canc...

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Autores principales: Otsuka-Kamakura, Narumi, Sugiura, Yoshiya, Yamazaki, Toshiki, Shimizu, Naomi, Hiruta, Nobuyuki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9745170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36524005
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1023785
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author Otsuka-Kamakura, Narumi
Sugiura, Yoshiya
Yamazaki, Toshiki
Shimizu, Naomi
Hiruta, Nobuyuki
author_facet Otsuka-Kamakura, Narumi
Sugiura, Yoshiya
Yamazaki, Toshiki
Shimizu, Naomi
Hiruta, Nobuyuki
author_sort Otsuka-Kamakura, Narumi
collection PubMed
description Cancer stem cells have the capability of self-renewal and multipotency and are, therefore, associated with tumor heterogeneity, resistance to chemoradiation therapy, and metastasis. The hypothesis that multinucleated giant cells, which often emerge following chemo- and/or radiotherapy, serve as cancer stem cells has not been fully evaluated. Although a previous study demonstrated that these cells functioned as stem cells, only low levels of Yamanaka factors were expressed, contrasting with the high expression seen from their gestated first-generation mononuclear cells. Herein, we report a case of a plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells that were analyzed for stemness to test the above hypothesis. The patient was a male in his 80s who had a plasmablastic neoplasm that was not easily distinguishable as plasmablastic lymphoma versus plasma cell myeloma of plasmablastic type. Lymph node biopsy showed predominant mononuclear cell proliferation with admixed multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization showed that both multinucleated and mononuclear cells had the same profile: CD138(+), light chain restriction of κ>λ, cyclin D1(+), CD68(-), EBER-ISH (+). These results suggested that both cell types were neoplastic. In accordance with the previous study, the multinucleated giant cells showed low expression of Yamanaka factors, which were highly expressed in some of the mononuclear cells. Furthermore, the multinucleated giant cells showed a much lower proliferative activity (Mib1/Ki67 index) than the mononuclear cells. Based on these results, the multinucleated giant cells were compatible with cancer stem cells. This case is expected to expand the knowledge base regarding biology of cancer stem cells.
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spelling pubmed-97451702022-12-14 Case report: Plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells—Analysis of stemness of the neoplastic multinucleated giant cells Otsuka-Kamakura, Narumi Sugiura, Yoshiya Yamazaki, Toshiki Shimizu, Naomi Hiruta, Nobuyuki Front Oncol Oncology Cancer stem cells have the capability of self-renewal and multipotency and are, therefore, associated with tumor heterogeneity, resistance to chemoradiation therapy, and metastasis. The hypothesis that multinucleated giant cells, which often emerge following chemo- and/or radiotherapy, serve as cancer stem cells has not been fully evaluated. Although a previous study demonstrated that these cells functioned as stem cells, only low levels of Yamanaka factors were expressed, contrasting with the high expression seen from their gestated first-generation mononuclear cells. Herein, we report a case of a plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells that were analyzed for stemness to test the above hypothesis. The patient was a male in his 80s who had a plasmablastic neoplasm that was not easily distinguishable as plasmablastic lymphoma versus plasma cell myeloma of plasmablastic type. Lymph node biopsy showed predominant mononuclear cell proliferation with admixed multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization showed that both multinucleated and mononuclear cells had the same profile: CD138(+), light chain restriction of κ>λ, cyclin D1(+), CD68(-), EBER-ISH (+). These results suggested that both cell types were neoplastic. In accordance with the previous study, the multinucleated giant cells showed low expression of Yamanaka factors, which were highly expressed in some of the mononuclear cells. Furthermore, the multinucleated giant cells showed a much lower proliferative activity (Mib1/Ki67 index) than the mononuclear cells. Based on these results, the multinucleated giant cells were compatible with cancer stem cells. This case is expected to expand the knowledge base regarding biology of cancer stem cells. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9745170/ /pubmed/36524005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1023785 Text en Copyright © 2022 Otsuka-Kamakura, Sugiura, Yamazaki, Shimizu and Hiruta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Otsuka-Kamakura, Narumi
Sugiura, Yoshiya
Yamazaki, Toshiki
Shimizu, Naomi
Hiruta, Nobuyuki
Case report: Plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells—Analysis of stemness of the neoplastic multinucleated giant cells
title Case report: Plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells—Analysis of stemness of the neoplastic multinucleated giant cells
title_full Case report: Plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells—Analysis of stemness of the neoplastic multinucleated giant cells
title_fullStr Case report: Plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells—Analysis of stemness of the neoplastic multinucleated giant cells
title_full_unstemmed Case report: Plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells—Analysis of stemness of the neoplastic multinucleated giant cells
title_short Case report: Plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells—Analysis of stemness of the neoplastic multinucleated giant cells
title_sort case report: plasmablastic neoplasm with multinucleated giant cells—analysis of stemness of the neoplastic multinucleated giant cells
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9745170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36524005
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1023785
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