Effect of social support on anxiety of medical staff one year after COVID-19 outbreak: a moderated mediating model

One year after the outbreak of COVID-19, medical staff are facing high anxiety due to multiple work stresses. Social support has become a protective factor for healthcare workers' anxiety symptoms, but the exact mechanism of action is not yet known. Based on the buffering model, this study aims to explore the impact and mechanisms of action of healthcare workers' perception of social support (PSS) on anxiety symptoms in the context of the epidemic and to further explore how the emotional characteristics of risk perception (ECRP) and resilience play their influence. To this end, this study measured 839 healthcare workers using an online questionnaire from 4 February to 1 March 2021. The results found that PSS among healthcare workers negatively predicted anxiety symptoms. ECRP partially mediated the relationship between PSS and anxiety symptoms, and resilience moderated the first half of the pathway in the model of PSS through ECRP on anxiety symptoms. The emotional characteristics of risk perception of COVID-19 in individuals with high resilience decrease significantly with the increase of PSS, while this change is not significant in individuals with low resilience.