Endodontic treatment of the mandibular first molar with six root canals: A case report and literature review

The mandibular first molars normally have three or four root canals and rarely have five or more root canals. The present study reported a rare anatomical configuration with six root canals in the mandibular right first molar diagnosed during endodontic treatment using a dental operating microscope and confirmed with the help of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The present case report revealed that there is an increasing possibility of detecting additional canals through the magnification of the microscope and the improvement of CBCT diagnostic technology. As more abnormal morphologies in root canals are reported, dentists need to understand this diversity in anatomical structure and improve treatment techniques.