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Diving into a dead-end: asymmetric evolution of diving drives diversity and disparity shifts in waterbirds

Diving is a relatively uncommon and highly specialized foraging strategy in birds, mostly observed within the Aequorlitornithes (waterbirds) by groups such as penguins, cormorants and alcids. Three key diving techniques are employed within waterbirds: wing-propelled pursuit diving (e.g. penguins), f...

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Autores principales: Tyler, Joshua, Younger, Jane L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9748772/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36515120
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.2056
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author Tyler, Joshua
Younger, Jane L.
author_facet Tyler, Joshua
Younger, Jane L.
author_sort Tyler, Joshua
collection PubMed
description Diving is a relatively uncommon and highly specialized foraging strategy in birds, mostly observed within the Aequorlitornithes (waterbirds) by groups such as penguins, cormorants and alcids. Three key diving techniques are employed within waterbirds: wing-propelled pursuit diving (e.g. penguins), foot-propelled pursuit diving (e.g. cormorants) and plunge diving (e.g. gannets). How many times diving evolved within waterbirds, whether plunge diving is an intermediate state between aerial foraging and submarine diving, and whether the transition to a diving niche is reversible are not known. Here, we elucidate the evolutionary history of diving in waterbirds. We show that diving has been acquired independently at least 14 times within waterbirds, and this acquisition is apparently irreversible, in a striking example of asymmetric evolution. All three modes of diving have evolved independently, with no evidence for plunge diving as an intermediate evolutionary state. Net diversification rates differ significantly between diving versus non-diving lineages, with some diving clades apparently prone to extinction. We find that body mass is evolving under multiple macroevolutionary regimes, with unique optima for each diving type with varying degrees of constraint. Our findings highlight the vulnerability of highly specialized lineages during the ongoing sixth mass extinction.
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spelling pubmed-97487722022-12-15 Diving into a dead-end: asymmetric evolution of diving drives diversity and disparity shifts in waterbirds Tyler, Joshua Younger, Jane L. Proc Biol Sci Evolution Diving is a relatively uncommon and highly specialized foraging strategy in birds, mostly observed within the Aequorlitornithes (waterbirds) by groups such as penguins, cormorants and alcids. Three key diving techniques are employed within waterbirds: wing-propelled pursuit diving (e.g. penguins), foot-propelled pursuit diving (e.g. cormorants) and plunge diving (e.g. gannets). How many times diving evolved within waterbirds, whether plunge diving is an intermediate state between aerial foraging and submarine diving, and whether the transition to a diving niche is reversible are not known. Here, we elucidate the evolutionary history of diving in waterbirds. We show that diving has been acquired independently at least 14 times within waterbirds, and this acquisition is apparently irreversible, in a striking example of asymmetric evolution. All three modes of diving have evolved independently, with no evidence for plunge diving as an intermediate evolutionary state. Net diversification rates differ significantly between diving versus non-diving lineages, with some diving clades apparently prone to extinction. We find that body mass is evolving under multiple macroevolutionary regimes, with unique optima for each diving type with varying degrees of constraint. Our findings highlight the vulnerability of highly specialized lineages during the ongoing sixth mass extinction. The Royal Society 2022-12-21 2022-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9748772/ /pubmed/36515120 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.2056 Text en © 2022 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Evolution
Tyler, Joshua
Younger, Jane L.
Diving into a dead-end: asymmetric evolution of diving drives diversity and disparity shifts in waterbirds
title Diving into a dead-end: asymmetric evolution of diving drives diversity and disparity shifts in waterbirds
title_full Diving into a dead-end: asymmetric evolution of diving drives diversity and disparity shifts in waterbirds
title_fullStr Diving into a dead-end: asymmetric evolution of diving drives diversity and disparity shifts in waterbirds
title_full_unstemmed Diving into a dead-end: asymmetric evolution of diving drives diversity and disparity shifts in waterbirds
title_short Diving into a dead-end: asymmetric evolution of diving drives diversity and disparity shifts in waterbirds
title_sort diving into a dead-end: asymmetric evolution of diving drives diversity and disparity shifts in waterbirds
topic Evolution
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9748772/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36515120
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.2056
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