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Pathogen transmission modes determine contact network structure, altering other pathogen characteristics

Pathogen traits can vary greatly and heavily impact the ability of a pathogen to persist in a population. Although this variation is fundamental to disease ecology, little is known about the evolutionary pressures that drive these differences, particularly where they interact with host behaviour. We...

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Autores principales: Collier, Melissa, Albery, Gregory F., McDonald, Grant C., Bansal, Shweta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9748778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36515115
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1389
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author Collier, Melissa
Albery, Gregory F.
McDonald, Grant C.
Bansal, Shweta
author_facet Collier, Melissa
Albery, Gregory F.
McDonald, Grant C.
Bansal, Shweta
author_sort Collier, Melissa
collection PubMed
description Pathogen traits can vary greatly and heavily impact the ability of a pathogen to persist in a population. Although this variation is fundamental to disease ecology, little is known about the evolutionary pressures that drive these differences, particularly where they interact with host behaviour. We hypothesized that host behaviours relevant to different transmission routes give rise to differences in contact network structure, constraining the space over which pathogen traits can evolve to maximize fitness. Our analysis of 232 contact networks across mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, arthropods, fish and molluscs found that contact network topology varies by contact type, most notably in networks that are representative of fluid-exchange transmission. Using infectious disease model simulations, we showed that these differences in network structure suggest pathogens transmitted through fluid-exchange contact types will need traits associated with high transmissibility to successfully proliferate, compared to pathogens that transmit through other types of contact. These findings were supported through a review of known traits of pathogens that transmit in humans. Our work demonstrates that contact network structure may drive the evolution of compensatory pathogen traits according to transmission strategy, providing essential context for understanding pathogen evolution and ecology.
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spelling pubmed-97487782022-12-15 Pathogen transmission modes determine contact network structure, altering other pathogen characteristics Collier, Melissa Albery, Gregory F. McDonald, Grant C. Bansal, Shweta Proc Biol Sci Behaviour Pathogen traits can vary greatly and heavily impact the ability of a pathogen to persist in a population. Although this variation is fundamental to disease ecology, little is known about the evolutionary pressures that drive these differences, particularly where they interact with host behaviour. We hypothesized that host behaviours relevant to different transmission routes give rise to differences in contact network structure, constraining the space over which pathogen traits can evolve to maximize fitness. Our analysis of 232 contact networks across mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, arthropods, fish and molluscs found that contact network topology varies by contact type, most notably in networks that are representative of fluid-exchange transmission. Using infectious disease model simulations, we showed that these differences in network structure suggest pathogens transmitted through fluid-exchange contact types will need traits associated with high transmissibility to successfully proliferate, compared to pathogens that transmit through other types of contact. These findings were supported through a review of known traits of pathogens that transmit in humans. Our work demonstrates that contact network structure may drive the evolution of compensatory pathogen traits according to transmission strategy, providing essential context for understanding pathogen evolution and ecology. The Royal Society 2022-12-21 2022-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9748778/ /pubmed/36515115 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1389 Text en © 2022 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Behaviour
Collier, Melissa
Albery, Gregory F.
McDonald, Grant C.
Bansal, Shweta
Pathogen transmission modes determine contact network structure, altering other pathogen characteristics
title Pathogen transmission modes determine contact network structure, altering other pathogen characteristics
title_full Pathogen transmission modes determine contact network structure, altering other pathogen characteristics
title_fullStr Pathogen transmission modes determine contact network structure, altering other pathogen characteristics
title_full_unstemmed Pathogen transmission modes determine contact network structure, altering other pathogen characteristics
title_short Pathogen transmission modes determine contact network structure, altering other pathogen characteristics
title_sort pathogen transmission modes determine contact network structure, altering other pathogen characteristics
topic Behaviour
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9748778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36515115
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1389
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