Condyloma acuminatum mimicking cervical cancer in a pregnant woman and treatment with cryotherapy: A case report

Condyloma acuminata and anogenital warts are protruding papillomatous lesions caused by human papillomavirus. In pregnant women, condyloma acuminata over the cervical region may grow rapidly, mimicking cervical cancer. PATIENT CONCERNS: A pregnant woman at 14 weeks of gestation with condyloma acuminatum mimicking cervical cancer was referred to our hospital for further management. DIAGNOSIS: Condyloma acuminata. INTERVENTIONS: Tumor biopsy was performed twice, and the pathology confirmed condyloma acuminatum. Immunohistochemistry revealed focal positivity for p16 and Ki-67. Cryotherapy was performed and regular follow-up was performed at 2-week intervals. A small residual condyloma acuminata was found and treated with cryotherapy. OUTCOME: During the follow-up period, no recurrence of condyloma acuminata was noted. She delivered a baby at 37 weeks of gestation via cesarean section, without complications. LESSONS: Condyloma acuminata of the cervix may grow faster during pregnancy, mimicking cervical cancer. Multiple factors must be considered when treating condyloma acuminata during pregnancy. Cryotherapy is proposed as a 1(st)-line treatment in all trimesters because of its safety, convenience, and cost-effectiveness. Serial follow-up at 2-week intervals to observe post-cryotherapy conditions is recommended.