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AZD1222-induced nasal antibody responses are shaped by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and correlate with virologic outcomes in breakthrough infection

The nasal mucosa is an important initial site of host defense against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, intramuscularly administered vaccines typically do not achieve high antibody titers in the nasal mucosa. We measure anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike immunoglobu...

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Autores principales: Aksyuk, Anastasia A., Bansal, Himanshu, Wilkins, Deidre, Stanley, Ann Marie, Sproule, Stephanie, Maaske, Jill, Sanikommui, Satya, Hartman, William R., Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E., Falsey, Ann R., Kelly, Elizabeth J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9750884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36610390
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100882
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author Aksyuk, Anastasia A.
Bansal, Himanshu
Wilkins, Deidre
Stanley, Ann Marie
Sproule, Stephanie
Maaske, Jill
Sanikommui, Satya
Hartman, William R.
Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E.
Falsey, Ann R.
Kelly, Elizabeth J.
author_facet Aksyuk, Anastasia A.
Bansal, Himanshu
Wilkins, Deidre
Stanley, Ann Marie
Sproule, Stephanie
Maaske, Jill
Sanikommui, Satya
Hartman, William R.
Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E.
Falsey, Ann R.
Kelly, Elizabeth J.
author_sort Aksyuk, Anastasia A.
collection PubMed
description The nasal mucosa is an important initial site of host defense against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, intramuscularly administered vaccines typically do not achieve high antibody titers in the nasal mucosa. We measure anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA in nasal epithelial lining fluid (NELF) following intramuscular vaccination of 3,058 participants from the immunogenicity substudy of a phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of AZD1222 vaccination (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04516746). IgG is detected in NELF collected 14 days following the first AZD1222 vaccination. IgG levels increase with a second vaccination and exceed pre-existing levels in baseline-SARS-CoV-2-seropositive participants. Nasal IgG responses are durable and display strong correlations with serum IgG, suggesting serum-to-NELF transudation. AZD1222 induces short-lived increases to pre-existing nasal IgA levels in baseline-seropositive vaccinees. Vaccinees display a robust recall IgG response upon breakthrough infection, with overall magnitudes unaffected by time between vaccination and illness. Mucosal responses correlate with reduced viral loads and shorter durations of viral shedding in saliva.
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spelling pubmed-97508842022-12-15 AZD1222-induced nasal antibody responses are shaped by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and correlate with virologic outcomes in breakthrough infection Aksyuk, Anastasia A. Bansal, Himanshu Wilkins, Deidre Stanley, Ann Marie Sproule, Stephanie Maaske, Jill Sanikommui, Satya Hartman, William R. Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E. Falsey, Ann R. Kelly, Elizabeth J. Cell Rep Med Article The nasal mucosa is an important initial site of host defense against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, intramuscularly administered vaccines typically do not achieve high antibody titers in the nasal mucosa. We measure anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA in nasal epithelial lining fluid (NELF) following intramuscular vaccination of 3,058 participants from the immunogenicity substudy of a phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of AZD1222 vaccination (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04516746). IgG is detected in NELF collected 14 days following the first AZD1222 vaccination. IgG levels increase with a second vaccination and exceed pre-existing levels in baseline-SARS-CoV-2-seropositive participants. Nasal IgG responses are durable and display strong correlations with serum IgG, suggesting serum-to-NELF transudation. AZD1222 induces short-lived increases to pre-existing nasal IgA levels in baseline-seropositive vaccinees. Vaccinees display a robust recall IgG response upon breakthrough infection, with overall magnitudes unaffected by time between vaccination and illness. Mucosal responses correlate with reduced viral loads and shorter durations of viral shedding in saliva. Elsevier 2022-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9750884/ /pubmed/36610390 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100882 Text en © 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Aksyuk, Anastasia A.
Bansal, Himanshu
Wilkins, Deidre
Stanley, Ann Marie
Sproule, Stephanie
Maaske, Jill
Sanikommui, Satya
Hartman, William R.
Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E.
Falsey, Ann R.
Kelly, Elizabeth J.
AZD1222-induced nasal antibody responses are shaped by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and correlate with virologic outcomes in breakthrough infection
title AZD1222-induced nasal antibody responses are shaped by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and correlate with virologic outcomes in breakthrough infection
title_full AZD1222-induced nasal antibody responses are shaped by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and correlate with virologic outcomes in breakthrough infection
title_fullStr AZD1222-induced nasal antibody responses are shaped by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and correlate with virologic outcomes in breakthrough infection
title_full_unstemmed AZD1222-induced nasal antibody responses are shaped by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and correlate with virologic outcomes in breakthrough infection
title_short AZD1222-induced nasal antibody responses are shaped by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and correlate with virologic outcomes in breakthrough infection
title_sort azd1222-induced nasal antibody responses are shaped by prior sars-cov-2 infection and correlate with virologic outcomes in breakthrough infection
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9750884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36610390
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100882
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