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Reintroduction modifies the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbes in captive bred Chinese giant salamander
Microorganisms play as fundamental contributors to maintain hosts’ fitness, which can be shaped by external environment. Moreover, symbiotic microbiome also varied within species (e.g., between sexes and developmental stages). However, we still need more studies to quantify whether the intraspecific...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9751345/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36532427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1062604 |
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author | Feng, Jianyi Zhu, Wei Jiang, Jianping Zhao, Chunlin Sun, Zijian Jiang, Wansheng Luo, Qinghua Zhao, Tian |
author_facet | Feng, Jianyi Zhu, Wei Jiang, Jianping Zhao, Chunlin Sun, Zijian Jiang, Wansheng Luo, Qinghua Zhao, Tian |
author_sort | Feng, Jianyi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Microorganisms play as fundamental contributors to maintain hosts’ fitness, which can be shaped by external environment. Moreover, symbiotic microbiome also varied within species (e.g., between sexes and developmental stages). However, we still need more studies to quantify whether the intraspecific variation patterns of symbiotic microbes can be modified with the change of environment. The Chinese giant salamander (CGS; Andrias davidianus) is a Critically Endangered species. Despite quantitative captive bred individuals were released to rebuild wild populations, the effectiveness is limited. More importantly, no studies have revealed the adaptation of released CGSs to the complex field conditions. In the present study, we explored whether reintroduction can reshape the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbiota in captive bred CGSs using high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the16S rRNA gene. We found no significant difference of symbiotic microbiome in captive bred males and females, but released males and females differed significantly in skin microbiome. Juveniles had higher diversity of microbial symbiont than adults in hatchery, but lower diversity in field. Moreover, dominant bacterial taxa differed between juveniles and adults in both hatchery and field. Importantly, this symbiotic microbiome variations within species can be modified (alpha and beta diversity, and community composition) when captive bred individuals were released to the field. Overall, we observed a lower alpha diversity and higher relative abundance of Chryseobacterium, Plesiomonas, and Acinetobacter in the bacterial community of captive bred individuals. Instead, higher alpha diversity of symbiotic microbiota and higher relative abundance of S24-7 and Lactobacillus was detected in released individuals. These modifications may associate with the change of living environment, as well as the specific behavior within CGSs (e.g., movement patterns and foraging activities). Future studies can incorporate other approaches (e.g., blood physiology) to better evaluate the growth and health of reintroduced CGSs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9751345 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97513452022-12-16 Reintroduction modifies the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbes in captive bred Chinese giant salamander Feng, Jianyi Zhu, Wei Jiang, Jianping Zhao, Chunlin Sun, Zijian Jiang, Wansheng Luo, Qinghua Zhao, Tian Front Microbiol Microbiology Microorganisms play as fundamental contributors to maintain hosts’ fitness, which can be shaped by external environment. Moreover, symbiotic microbiome also varied within species (e.g., between sexes and developmental stages). However, we still need more studies to quantify whether the intraspecific variation patterns of symbiotic microbes can be modified with the change of environment. The Chinese giant salamander (CGS; Andrias davidianus) is a Critically Endangered species. Despite quantitative captive bred individuals were released to rebuild wild populations, the effectiveness is limited. More importantly, no studies have revealed the adaptation of released CGSs to the complex field conditions. In the present study, we explored whether reintroduction can reshape the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbiota in captive bred CGSs using high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the16S rRNA gene. We found no significant difference of symbiotic microbiome in captive bred males and females, but released males and females differed significantly in skin microbiome. Juveniles had higher diversity of microbial symbiont than adults in hatchery, but lower diversity in field. Moreover, dominant bacterial taxa differed between juveniles and adults in both hatchery and field. Importantly, this symbiotic microbiome variations within species can be modified (alpha and beta diversity, and community composition) when captive bred individuals were released to the field. Overall, we observed a lower alpha diversity and higher relative abundance of Chryseobacterium, Plesiomonas, and Acinetobacter in the bacterial community of captive bred individuals. Instead, higher alpha diversity of symbiotic microbiota and higher relative abundance of S24-7 and Lactobacillus was detected in released individuals. These modifications may associate with the change of living environment, as well as the specific behavior within CGSs (e.g., movement patterns and foraging activities). Future studies can incorporate other approaches (e.g., blood physiology) to better evaluate the growth and health of reintroduced CGSs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9751345/ /pubmed/36532427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1062604 Text en Copyright © 2022 Feng, Zhu, Jiang, Zhao, Sun, Jiang, Luo and Zhao. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Feng, Jianyi Zhu, Wei Jiang, Jianping Zhao, Chunlin Sun, Zijian Jiang, Wansheng Luo, Qinghua Zhao, Tian Reintroduction modifies the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbes in captive bred Chinese giant salamander |
title | Reintroduction modifies the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbes in captive bred Chinese giant salamander |
title_full | Reintroduction modifies the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbes in captive bred Chinese giant salamander |
title_fullStr | Reintroduction modifies the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbes in captive bred Chinese giant salamander |
title_full_unstemmed | Reintroduction modifies the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbes in captive bred Chinese giant salamander |
title_short | Reintroduction modifies the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbes in captive bred Chinese giant salamander |
title_sort | reintroduction modifies the intraspecific variations of symbiotic microbes in captive bred chinese giant salamander |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9751345/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36532427 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1062604 |
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