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Antennal sensory structures of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

BACKGROUND: The cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is one of the most devastating sap-sucking pests of cultivated plants. The success of P. solenopsis is attributable to its ecological resilience and insecticide resistance, making its control extremely difficu...

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Autores principales: Abd El-Ghany, Nesreen M., Zhou, Jing-Jiang, Dewer, Youssef
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9753239/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36517816
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-022-00479-4
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author Abd El-Ghany, Nesreen M.
Zhou, Jing-Jiang
Dewer, Youssef
author_facet Abd El-Ghany, Nesreen M.
Zhou, Jing-Jiang
Dewer, Youssef
author_sort Abd El-Ghany, Nesreen M.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is one of the most devastating sap-sucking pests of cultivated plants. The success of P. solenopsis is attributable to its ecological resilience and insecticide resistance, making its control extremely difficult and expensive. Thus, alternative safe approaches are needed to prevent the pest population from reaching the economic threshold. One of these novel approaches is based on the fact that chemical communication via the olfactory system drives critical behaviors required for the survival and development of the species. This knowledge can be useful for controlling insect pests using traps based on semiochemicals. The antennae of insects are an invaluable model for studying the fundamentals of odor perception. Several efforts have been made to investigate the histological and ultrastructural organization of the olfactory organs, such as the antennae and maxillary palps, in many insect species. However, studies on the antennal sensory structures of Phenacoccus species are lacking. Furthermore, although enormous progress has been made in understanding the antennal structures of many mealybug species, the olfactory sensilla in the antennae of P. solenopsis have not yet been described. In this study, we describe, for the first time, the morphology and distribution of the antennal sensilla in male and female P. solenopsis using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Our results revealed that the entire antennae length and the number of flagellar segments were different between the sexes. Eight morphological types of sensilla were identified on male antennae: trichoid sensilla, chaetic sensilla (three subtypes), basiconic sensilla (two subtypes), and campaniform sensilla (two subtypes). Six morphological types of sensilla were found on female antennae. Sensilla chaetica of subtype 2 and campaniform sensilla of subtype 1 were distributed only on male antennae, suggesting that these sensilla are involved in the recognition of female sex pheromones. The subtype 1 of sensilla chaetica was significantly more abundant on female antennae than on male ones, while subtype 3 was only located on the terminal flagellar segment of the antenna in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides insightful information for future electrophysiological and behavioral studies on chemical communication in insects, particularly the cotton mealybug, P. solenopsis that could help in developing new strategies for controlling this economically important insect species.
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spelling pubmed-97532392022-12-16 Antennal sensory structures of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Abd El-Ghany, Nesreen M. Zhou, Jing-Jiang Dewer, Youssef Front Zool Research BACKGROUND: The cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is one of the most devastating sap-sucking pests of cultivated plants. The success of P. solenopsis is attributable to its ecological resilience and insecticide resistance, making its control extremely difficult and expensive. Thus, alternative safe approaches are needed to prevent the pest population from reaching the economic threshold. One of these novel approaches is based on the fact that chemical communication via the olfactory system drives critical behaviors required for the survival and development of the species. This knowledge can be useful for controlling insect pests using traps based on semiochemicals. The antennae of insects are an invaluable model for studying the fundamentals of odor perception. Several efforts have been made to investigate the histological and ultrastructural organization of the olfactory organs, such as the antennae and maxillary palps, in many insect species. However, studies on the antennal sensory structures of Phenacoccus species are lacking. Furthermore, although enormous progress has been made in understanding the antennal structures of many mealybug species, the olfactory sensilla in the antennae of P. solenopsis have not yet been described. In this study, we describe, for the first time, the morphology and distribution of the antennal sensilla in male and female P. solenopsis using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Our results revealed that the entire antennae length and the number of flagellar segments were different between the sexes. Eight morphological types of sensilla were identified on male antennae: trichoid sensilla, chaetic sensilla (three subtypes), basiconic sensilla (two subtypes), and campaniform sensilla (two subtypes). Six morphological types of sensilla were found on female antennae. Sensilla chaetica of subtype 2 and campaniform sensilla of subtype 1 were distributed only on male antennae, suggesting that these sensilla are involved in the recognition of female sex pheromones. The subtype 1 of sensilla chaetica was significantly more abundant on female antennae than on male ones, while subtype 3 was only located on the terminal flagellar segment of the antenna in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides insightful information for future electrophysiological and behavioral studies on chemical communication in insects, particularly the cotton mealybug, P. solenopsis that could help in developing new strategies for controlling this economically important insect species. BioMed Central 2022-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9753239/ /pubmed/36517816 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-022-00479-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Abd El-Ghany, Nesreen M.
Zhou, Jing-Jiang
Dewer, Youssef
Antennal sensory structures of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
title Antennal sensory structures of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
title_full Antennal sensory structures of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
title_fullStr Antennal sensory structures of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
title_full_unstemmed Antennal sensory structures of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
title_short Antennal sensory structures of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
title_sort antennal sensory structures of phenacoccus solenopsis (hemiptera: pseudococcidae)
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9753239/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36517816
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-022-00479-4
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