Cargando…
Expectation modulates the preferential processing of task-irrelevant fear in the attentional blink: evidence from event-related potentials
BACKGROUND: Reporting the second of the two targets is impaired when it occurs 200–500 ms after the first, the phenomenon in the study of consciousness is the attentional blink (AB). In the AB task, both the emotional salience and the expectation of the second target increase the likelihood of that...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9753248/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36517847 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00203-6 |
_version_ | 1784850923575574528 |
---|---|
author | Sun, Meng Shang, Chenyang Jia, Xi Liu, Fang Cui, Lixia Wei, Ping Zhang, Qin |
author_facet | Sun, Meng Shang, Chenyang Jia, Xi Liu, Fang Cui, Lixia Wei, Ping Zhang, Qin |
author_sort | Sun, Meng |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Reporting the second of the two targets is impaired when it occurs 200–500 ms after the first, the phenomenon in the study of consciousness is the attentional blink (AB). In the AB task, both the emotional salience and the expectation of the second target increase the likelihood of that target being consciously reported. Yet, little is known about how expectations modulate the prioritized processing of affective stimuli. We examined the role of expecting fearful expression when processing fear in an AB task. Participants were presented with an AB task where the 2nd target (T2) is either a fearful face or a neutral face, and had to report the target's gender. The frequency of fearful to neutral faces on a given block was manipulated, such that participants could either expect more or less fearful faces. RESULTS: In the Experiment 1, we found that fearful faces were more likely to be recognized than neutral faces during the blink period (lag3) when participants were not expecting a fearful face (low fear-expectation); however, high fear-expectation increased the discrimination of fearful T2 than neutral T2 outside the blink period (lag8). In the Experiment 2, we assessed ERP brain activity in response to perceived T2 during the blink period. The results revealed that fearful faces elicited larger P300 amplitudes compared to neutral faces, but only in the low fear-expectation condition, suggesting that expecting a fearful expression can suppress the processing of task-irrelevant facial expression and unexpected fearful expression can break through this suppression. Fearful T2 elicited larger vertex positive potential (VPP) amplitudes than neutral T2, and this affective effect was independent of fear-expectation. Since no effect of expectation was found on the VPP amplitude while P300 exhibited significant interaction between expectation and expression, this suggests that expectations modulate emotional processing at a later stage, after the fearful face has been differentially processed. CONCLUSIONS: These results provided clear evidence for the contribution of the expectation to the prioritized processing of second affective stimuli in the AB. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9753248 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97532482022-12-16 Expectation modulates the preferential processing of task-irrelevant fear in the attentional blink: evidence from event-related potentials Sun, Meng Shang, Chenyang Jia, Xi Liu, Fang Cui, Lixia Wei, Ping Zhang, Qin Behav Brain Funct Research BACKGROUND: Reporting the second of the two targets is impaired when it occurs 200–500 ms after the first, the phenomenon in the study of consciousness is the attentional blink (AB). In the AB task, both the emotional salience and the expectation of the second target increase the likelihood of that target being consciously reported. Yet, little is known about how expectations modulate the prioritized processing of affective stimuli. We examined the role of expecting fearful expression when processing fear in an AB task. Participants were presented with an AB task where the 2nd target (T2) is either a fearful face or a neutral face, and had to report the target's gender. The frequency of fearful to neutral faces on a given block was manipulated, such that participants could either expect more or less fearful faces. RESULTS: In the Experiment 1, we found that fearful faces were more likely to be recognized than neutral faces during the blink period (lag3) when participants were not expecting a fearful face (low fear-expectation); however, high fear-expectation increased the discrimination of fearful T2 than neutral T2 outside the blink period (lag8). In the Experiment 2, we assessed ERP brain activity in response to perceived T2 during the blink period. The results revealed that fearful faces elicited larger P300 amplitudes compared to neutral faces, but only in the low fear-expectation condition, suggesting that expecting a fearful expression can suppress the processing of task-irrelevant facial expression and unexpected fearful expression can break through this suppression. Fearful T2 elicited larger vertex positive potential (VPP) amplitudes than neutral T2, and this affective effect was independent of fear-expectation. Since no effect of expectation was found on the VPP amplitude while P300 exhibited significant interaction between expectation and expression, this suggests that expectations modulate emotional processing at a later stage, after the fearful face has been differentially processed. CONCLUSIONS: These results provided clear evidence for the contribution of the expectation to the prioritized processing of second affective stimuli in the AB. BioMed Central 2022-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9753248/ /pubmed/36517847 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00203-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Sun, Meng Shang, Chenyang Jia, Xi Liu, Fang Cui, Lixia Wei, Ping Zhang, Qin Expectation modulates the preferential processing of task-irrelevant fear in the attentional blink: evidence from event-related potentials |
title | Expectation modulates the preferential processing of task-irrelevant fear in the attentional blink: evidence from event-related potentials |
title_full | Expectation modulates the preferential processing of task-irrelevant fear in the attentional blink: evidence from event-related potentials |
title_fullStr | Expectation modulates the preferential processing of task-irrelevant fear in the attentional blink: evidence from event-related potentials |
title_full_unstemmed | Expectation modulates the preferential processing of task-irrelevant fear in the attentional blink: evidence from event-related potentials |
title_short | Expectation modulates the preferential processing of task-irrelevant fear in the attentional blink: evidence from event-related potentials |
title_sort | expectation modulates the preferential processing of task-irrelevant fear in the attentional blink: evidence from event-related potentials |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9753248/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36517847 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00203-6 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT sunmeng expectationmodulatesthepreferentialprocessingoftaskirrelevantfearintheattentionalblinkevidencefromeventrelatedpotentials AT shangchenyang expectationmodulatesthepreferentialprocessingoftaskirrelevantfearintheattentionalblinkevidencefromeventrelatedpotentials AT jiaxi expectationmodulatesthepreferentialprocessingoftaskirrelevantfearintheattentionalblinkevidencefromeventrelatedpotentials AT liufang expectationmodulatesthepreferentialprocessingoftaskirrelevantfearintheattentionalblinkevidencefromeventrelatedpotentials AT cuilixia expectationmodulatesthepreferentialprocessingoftaskirrelevantfearintheattentionalblinkevidencefromeventrelatedpotentials AT weiping expectationmodulatesthepreferentialprocessingoftaskirrelevantfearintheattentionalblinkevidencefromeventrelatedpotentials AT zhangqin expectationmodulatesthepreferentialprocessingoftaskirrelevantfearintheattentionalblinkevidencefromeventrelatedpotentials |