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Современное состояние исследований в области ожирения: генетические аспекты, роль микробиома и предрасположенность к COVID-19

Obesity affects over 700 million people worldwide and its prevalence keeps growing steadily. The problem is particularly relevant due to the increased risk of COVID-19 complications and mortality in obese patients. Obesity prevalence increase is often associated with the influence of environmental a...

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Autores principales: Тимашева, Я. Р., Балхиярова, Ж. Р., Кочетова, О. В.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Endocrinology Research Centre 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9753850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34533011
http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl12775
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author Тимашева, Я. Р.
Балхиярова, Ж. Р.
Кочетова, О. В.
author_facet Тимашева, Я. Р.
Балхиярова, Ж. Р.
Кочетова, О. В.
author_sort Тимашева, Я. Р.
collection PubMed
description Obesity affects over 700 million people worldwide and its prevalence keeps growing steadily. The problem is particularly relevant due to the increased risk of COVID-19 complications and mortality in obese patients. Obesity prevalence increase is often associated with the influence of environmental and behavioural factors, leading to stigmatization of people with obesity due to beliefs that their problems are caused by poor lifestyle choices. However, hereditary predisposition to obesity has been established, likely polygenic in nature. Morbid obesity can result from rare mutations having a significant effect on energy metabolism and fat deposition, but the majority of patients does not present with monogenic forms. Microbiome low diversity significantly correlates with metabolic disorders (inflammation, insulin resistance), and the success of weight loss (bariatric) surgery. However, data on the long-term consequences of bariatric surgery and changes in the microbiome composition and genetic diversity before and after surgery are currently lacking. In this review, we summarize the results of studies of the genetic characteristics of obesity patients, molecular mechanisms of obesity, contributing to the unfavourable course of coronavirus infection, and the evolution of their microbiome during bariatric surgery, elucidating the mechanisms of disease development and creating opportunities to identify potential new treatment targets and design effective personalized approaches for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of obesity.
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spelling pubmed-97538502022-12-16 Современное состояние исследований в области ожирения: генетические аспекты, роль микробиома и предрасположенность к COVID-19 Тимашева, Я. Р. Балхиярова, Ж. Р. Кочетова, О. В. Probl Endokrinol (Mosk) Research Article Obesity affects over 700 million people worldwide and its prevalence keeps growing steadily. The problem is particularly relevant due to the increased risk of COVID-19 complications and mortality in obese patients. Obesity prevalence increase is often associated with the influence of environmental and behavioural factors, leading to stigmatization of people with obesity due to beliefs that their problems are caused by poor lifestyle choices. However, hereditary predisposition to obesity has been established, likely polygenic in nature. Morbid obesity can result from rare mutations having a significant effect on energy metabolism and fat deposition, but the majority of patients does not present with monogenic forms. Microbiome low diversity significantly correlates with metabolic disorders (inflammation, insulin resistance), and the success of weight loss (bariatric) surgery. However, data on the long-term consequences of bariatric surgery and changes in the microbiome composition and genetic diversity before and after surgery are currently lacking. In this review, we summarize the results of studies of the genetic characteristics of obesity patients, molecular mechanisms of obesity, contributing to the unfavourable course of coronavirus infection, and the evolution of their microbiome during bariatric surgery, elucidating the mechanisms of disease development and creating opportunities to identify potential new treatment targets and design effective personalized approaches for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of obesity. Endocrinology Research Centre 2021-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9753850/ /pubmed/34533011 http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl12775 Text en Copyright © Endocrinology Research Centre, 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
spellingShingle Research Article
Тимашева, Я. Р.
Балхиярова, Ж. Р.
Кочетова, О. В.
Современное состояние исследований в области ожирения: генетические аспекты, роль микробиома и предрасположенность к COVID-19
title Современное состояние исследований в области ожирения: генетические аспекты, роль микробиома и предрасположенность к COVID-19
title_full Современное состояние исследований в области ожирения: генетические аспекты, роль микробиома и предрасположенность к COVID-19
title_fullStr Современное состояние исследований в области ожирения: генетические аспекты, роль микробиома и предрасположенность к COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed Современное состояние исследований в области ожирения: генетические аспекты, роль микробиома и предрасположенность к COVID-19
title_short Современное состояние исследований в области ожирения: генетические аспекты, роль микробиома и предрасположенность к COVID-19
title_sort современное состояние исследований в области ожирения: генетические аспекты, роль микробиома и предрасположенность к covid-19
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9753850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34533011
http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl12775
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